Abbreviations and acronyms

ACLED

Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project

AMU

Arab Maghreb Union

ANN

Average nearest neighbour

AQIM

Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb

CAR

Central African Republic

CC

Conflict concentration

CEMOC

Joint Operational Staff Committee

CEN-SAD

Community of Sahel-Saharan States

CI

Conflict intensity

CILSS

Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel

CJTF

Civilian Joint Task Force

COS

French Special Operations Command

CSJF

Chad-Sudan Joint Force

DRC

Democratic Republic of the Congo

ECCAS

Economic Community of Central African States

ECOMOG

Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group

ECOWAS

Economic Community of West African States

ESRI

Environmental Systems Research Institute

EU

European Union

EUCAP

European Union Capacity Building

EUSR

European Union Special Representative

EUTM

European Union Training Mission

FACT

Front for Change and Concord in Chad

FAMa

Malian Armed Forces

FATA

Federally Administered Tribal Areas

FC-G5S

Framework of the G5 Sahel Joint Force

FUC

United Front for Change

GATIA

Imghad Tuareg Self-Defense Group and Allies

G5S

G5 Sahel

GIA

Armed Islamic Group

GIS

Geographic information science

GNA

Government of National Accord

GROADS

Global Roads Open Access Data Set

GSPC

Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat

ICJ

International Court of Justice

IDPs

Internally displaced persons

IEDs

Improvised explosive devices

IFRI

French Institute of International Relations

ISGS

Islamic State in the Greater Sahara

ISWAP

Islamic State West Africa Province

JEM

Justice and Equality Movement

JNIM

Jama‘at Nusrat al-Islam wa-l-Muslimin (Group for Supporting Islam and Muslims)

LCBC

Lake Chad Basin Commission

LNA

Libyan National Army

LRA

Lord’s Resistance Army

LURD

Liberian United for Reconciliation and Democracy

MINUSMA

Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali

MISAHEL

African Union Mission for Mali and the Sahel

MNJTF

Multinational Joint Task Force

MNLA

National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad

MODEL

Movement for Democracy in Liberia

MONUC

United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

MONUSCO

United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

MSA

Movement for the Salvation of Azawad

MUJAO

Movement for Unity and Jihad in West Africa

NASA

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NGO

Non-governmental organisation

NPFL

National Patriotic Front of Liberia

OECD

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

OSM

OpenStreetMap

PFLP

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine

PIP

Priority Investment Programme

RPF

Rwandan Patriotic Front

RUF

Revolutionary United Front

SCDi

Spatial Conflict Dynamics indicator

SLM

Sudan Liberation Movement

SPLA

Sudan People’s Liberation Army

SRTM

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

SWAC

Sahel and West Africa Club

UEMOA

West African Economic and Monetary Union

UFDD

Union of Forces for Democracy and Development

UFL

Fusion and Liaison Unit

ULIMO

United Liberation Movement of Liberia for Democracy

ULRI

Light reconnaissance and intervention units

UN

United Nations

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

UNMIS

United Nations Mission in the Sudan

URF

Union of Resistance Forces