Annex B. Argentina’s main agricultural products
Cattle (beef): The main stock is found in the Province of Buenos Aires (35%), followed by Santa Fe (11.5%), Córdoba and Corrientes (9% each), Entre Ríos (8%), La Pampa (6%), and Chaco (5%). Thus, the central region covers more than 60% of the stock, with more than 33.5 million heads.
Citrus fruit: Citrus fruit accounts for about 50% of total fruit produced in the country. These fruits are mostly grown in the Northwest and Northeast, based on two different productive models. The Northwest is specialised in lemon (the main citrus produced in Argentina, accounting for 47% of the total), and Tucumán is the biggest producer (with more than 70%). Tucumán also grows grapefruit to a lesser extent (5% of citrus production). The Northeast is specialised in sweet citrus fruits, namely orange and tangerine (33% and 15%, respectively). The citrus-producing Northeast covers the provinces of Entre Ríos, Corrientes and Misiones (in the region between the Paraná and Uruguay rivers), which together grow 72% of oranges and 91% of tangerines in the country. Other areas growing sweet citrus fruit are found in Jujuy, Salta, Buenos Aires and Tucumán.
Corn: Córdoba is the main corn producer (with 30.1% of the seeded surface in the last campaign), followed by Buenos Aires (27.3%), Santa Fe (10.6%), Santiago del Estero (8.9%), La Pampa (5.6%), Entre Ríos (4.5%), San Luis (4.5%), Chaco (3.5%) and Salta (3.1%).
Cotton: The province of Chaco has historically represented the area of greatest cotton production, with its relative contribution ranging from 50% and 70% of the total. It is followed by Santiago del Estero, which in the 90s became the second biggest cotton producer in the country. Other producing provinces are Santa Fe, Salta, Formosa, San Luis, Entre Ríos, Corrientes and Córdoba. 89% of cotton plants are located in the primary production area, mainly in Chaco, Santiago del Estero and Santa Fe.
Dairy (milk): Production is concentrated in the Pampas region, in Santa Fe (35%), Córdoba (31%) and Buenos Aires (23%), and then followed by Entre Ríos (7%). These four provinces account for 96% of dairy farms and 96% of dairy livestock. The provinces of Santiago del Estero and La Pampa have a lower contribution.
Fishing: Sea fishing unloading is mostly concentrated in the ports of Mar del Plata (54.7% of the total – Province of Buenos Aires), where a significant fishing fleet operates, followed by Puerto Madryn (13.7% – Chubut), Puerto Deseado (8.2% – Santa Cruz) and Ushuaia (6.9% – Tierra del Fuego), where the freezing fleet operates almost exclusively.
Forestry: Six forestry regions can be identified in the Argentine territory: the forests of Parque Chaqueño, the jungle in Selva Misionera, the jungle in Selva Tucumano Boliviana, the Andean Patagonic forest in Bosque Andino Patagónico, the woodlands in Monte and the plains in Espinal. Extraction of tree trunks from the native forest: Chaco 56%, Formosa 13%, Salta 12%, Tierra del Fuego 7%, Santiago del Estero 4%, Misiones 4%. Extraction of tree trunks from the planted forest: Misiones 44%, Corrientes 31%, Entre Ríos 17%, Buenos Aires 3%, Córdoba 1%, Santa Fe 1%. More than half of the production of cellulose is conducted in Misiones (50.2%), followed by Santa Fe (18.8%), Buenos Aires (12.9%), Jujuy (12.8%) and Tucumán (4.5%).
Oil seeds (soybeans and sunflower): Buenos Aires, Córdoba and Santa Fe lead the production of soybeans, accounting for three quarters of the total surface where the crop is cultivated. The provinces of Santiago del Estero, Salta, Tucumán and Chaco incorporated or considerably increased the production of soy in the last decade. Sunflower growing is more concentrated: the province of Buenos Aires alone accounts for 51.8%, and the total area growing sunflower in La Pampa, Chaco and Santa Fe is over 94%.
Pears and apples: These account for about 30% of the total national fruit production, with a focus on the Northern Patagonian valleys (Río Negro and Neuquén), which represent around 90% of the total produced. Río Negro is the main producer (78%). Mendoza contributes to about 10% of the national production.
Pigmeat: More than 63% of the pig-meat production and 90% of the slaughter are found in the central region, mainly in Buenos Aires, Córdoba and Santa Fe. Breeding locations match the surfaces growing corn and the distribution of plants producing balanced feed, one of the main inputs for primary production.
Poultry: Feedlots for meat production are mostly found in the provinces of Entre Ríos (52%) and Buenos Aires (31%), especially near big urban centres. However, almost half the industrial plants are found in Buenos Aires (47%), and to a lesser extent in Entre Ríos (29%).
Rice: Corrientes represents 44% of the seeded surface in the last campaign, followed by Entre Ríos with 34.4%, Santa Fe with 15.5% and Formosa with 3.6%.
Stone fruit (plum and peach): Stone fruit accounts for 9.4% of total fruits produced in the country. Plum and peach stand out, with specific varieties for fresh and industrial use, with the latter being more relevant. Mendoza is the main producer (83%), due to its appropriate weather conditions. Other areas producing stone fruit are Buenos Aires, Río Negro, San Juan and Neuquén. Fresh fruit represents 26% of the growth of peach and plum in Mendoza, using 8 000 hectares. Fruit for industrial processing accounts for the remaining 74%. The surface seeded with peach and plum for industrial use amounts to 25.7 thousand hectares.
Tobacco: Jujuy is the province with the largest tobacco production, and with Salta they concentrate almost all the national production of Virginia (99%), almost 70% of the national tobacco production.
Wheat: Buenos Aires is the main wheat producer (with 33.4% of the seeded area in the last campaign), followed by Córdoba (24.2%), Santa Fe (16.3%), Santiago del Estero (7.4%), Entre Ríos (6.5%) and La Pampa (5.4%).
Wine: Mendoza and San Juan are the provinces with the broadest surface seeded with vines, thus concentrating the largest wine production and accounting for 76% and 18% thereof, respectively. Other provinces with outstanding production are Rioja, Salta, Catamarca, Neuquén and Río Negro.