Abbreviations and acronyms

ACCMSME

ASEAN Coordinating Committee on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

ADB

Asian Development Bank

AEC

ASEAN Economic Community

AEO

Authorised Economic Operator

AMS

ASEAN Member States

APO

Asian Productivity Organisation

ASEAN

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

ASEC

ASEAN Secretariat

ASPEC

ASEAN Patent Examination Co-operation

ASPI

ASEAN SME Policy Index

B2C

Business-to-Consumer

BDS

Business Development Services

CGF

Credit Guarantee Fund

CGS

Credit Guarantee Scheme

CIB

Credit Information Bureau

CIP

Collaborative Industry Projects

DFTZ

Digital Free Trade Zone

EIA

Environmental Impact Assessment

EL

Entrepreneurial Learning

EMS

Environmental Management System

EPZ

Export Processing Zone

ERIA

Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia

EU

European Union

EZ

Economic Zone

FAO

United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization

FDI

Foreign Direct Investment

FEC

Future Economy Council

FIL

Foreign Investment Liberalisation

FTA

Free Trade Agreement

GAP

Green Action Plan

GDP

Gross Domestic Product

GERD

Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D

GIZ

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit

GLC

Government-Linked Company

GMV

Gross Merchandise Value

GNI

Gross National Income

GVC

Global Value Chain

HCD

Human Capital Development

IC

Innovation Centre

ICT

Information and Communications Technology

ICV

Innovation and Capability Voucher

IDP

Industrial Development Policy

IFC

International Finance Corporation

ILO

International Labour Organization

IMF

International Monetary Fund

IP

Intellectual Property

IPO

Initial Public Offering

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

ITC

International Trade Centre

JICA

Japan International Co-operation Agency

KPI

Key Performance Indicator

MFI

Microfinance Institution

MNC

Multinational Corporation

MoU

Memorandum of Understanding

MSME

Micro, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise

NGO

Non-Governmental Organisation

NSW

National Single Window

OECD

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

PE

Private Equity

PPC

Public-Private Consultation

PWD

Person with Disabilities

R&D

Research and Development

RIA

Regulatory Impact Analysis

SAP SMED

Strategic Action Plan for SME Development

SE

Social Enterprise

SEZ

Special Economic Zone

SME

Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise

SOE

State-owned Enterprise

STI

Science, Technology and Innovation

TFI

Trade Facilitation Indicators

TIN

Tax Identification Number

TVET

Technical and Vocational Education and Training

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

UNESCAP

United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

UNIDO

United Nations Industrial Development Organization

VAT

Value-Added Tax

VC

Venture Capital

WEF

World Economic Forum

WTO

World Trade Organization