BASIC STATISTICS OF CANADA (2015 or latest available year)1
(OECD values in parentheses)a
PEOPLE AND SOCIETY
Population (million)	36.1	(1 274)	Population density per km2	4	(35)
Share of population by type of region:			Population compound annual growth rate, latest 5 years	1.1	(0.6)
Predominantly urban (%)	56.8	(47.5)	Income inequality (Gini coefficient)	0.32	(0.32)
Intermediate (%)	15.9	(27.4)	Poverty rate (% of population with less than 50% med. income)	13	(11)
Rural (%)	27.3	(25.1)	Life expectancy	82	(81)
ECONOMY AND EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS
Total GDP (GDP, CAD billion)	1 986		Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)	34	(29)
Total GDP (GDP, USD billion, current PPPs)	1 591	(51 188)	Main exports (% of total merchandise exports)
GDP, latest 5-year average real growth (USD PPPs, compound annual growth rate)	2.2	(1.7)	Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances	19
GDP per capita (1 000 USD, current PPPs)	44	(41)	Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof	15
Value added shares (%)			Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	8
Agriculture	1.8	(1.8)	Main imports (% of total merchandise imports)
Industry including construction	28.8	(24.8)	Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof	16
Services	69.3	(73.4)	Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	15
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)	32	(29)	Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; television image, sound recorders and parts thereof	10
GENERAL GOVERNMENT Percentage of GDP
Expenditure	41.2	(41.8)	Education expenditureb	4.5	(4.4)
Revenue	39.8	(38.7)	Health expenditureb	7.2	(6.6)
Gross financial debt	98.4	(113.2)	Environment protection expenditure	..	(0.5)
Fiscal balance	-1.3	-(3.1)	Environmental taxes: (% of GDP)	1.1	(1.6)
			(% of total tax revenue)	3.7	(5.2)
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION
Unemployment rate (% of civilian labour force)	6.9	(6.8)	Patent applications in environment-related technologies (% of all technologies)c	11.3	(11.7)
Tertiary educational attainment of 25-64 year-olds (%)	55	(35)	Environmental management	4.7	(4.4)
Gross expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)	1.6	(2.4)	Water-related adaptation technologies	0.7	(0.5)
			Climate change mitigation technologies	8.3	(9.4)
ENVIRONMENT
Energy intensity: TPES per capita (toe/cap.)	7.5	(4.1)	Road vehicle stock (veh./100 inhabitants)d	65.9	(68.2)
TPES per GDP (toe/1 000 USD, 2010 PPPs)	0.18	(0.11)	Water stress (abstraction as % of available resources)	1.0	(9.7)
Renewables (% of TPES)	18.2	(9.6)	Water abstraction per capita (m3/capita/year)	1 015	(819)
Carbon intensity (energy-related CO2):			Municipal waste per capita (kg/capita)e	409	(520)
per capita (t/cap.)	15.5	(9.4)	Material productivity (USD, 2010 PPPs/DMC, kg)	0.5	(1.7)
per GDP (t/1 000 USD, 2010 PPPs)	0.37	(0.26)	Land area (1 000 km2)	9 094	(34 404)
GHG intensity:f			% of arable land and permanent crops	5.6	(12.2)
per capita (t/cap.)	20.5	(12.4)	% of permanent meadows and pastures	1.6	(23.4)
per GDP (t/1 000 USD, 2010 PPPs)	0.49	(0.34)	% of forest area	38.2	(31.3)
Mean population exposure to air pollution (PM2.5), μg/m3	12	(14)	% of other land (built-up and other land)	54.7	(33.1)
← 1. Values earlier than 2010 are not taken into consideration.
← a. OECD value: where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of the latest available data is calculated.
← b. Total public expenditure.
← c. Higher-value inventions that have sought patent protection in at least two jurisdictions, average of latest 3 years.
← d. Includes two-wheeled vehicles.
← e. Data for Canada refer to household waste only.
← f. Excluding emissions/removals from land use, land-use change and forestry.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the OECD, IEA/OECD, EUROSTAT and the World Bank.