Transfers between public research and businesses

This chapter presents knowledge transfers between public research and the economy. These transfers are a priority of research policy in France, as in other countries, and have undergone numerous reforms over the past decade. The chapter reviews the main channels used for these transfers: partnership research (including research contracts), staff mobility, intellectual property and entrepreneurship (business start-ups by researchers in particular). In each case, it describes the mechanisms in place, examines their performance based on available statistical indicators and compares them with similar mechanisms in place in other countries.