4. Tax levels and tax structures, 1990-2022
In all of the following tables a (..) indicates not available. The main series in this volume cover the years 1990 to 2022.
Figures referring to 1991-99, 2001-04, 2006-09, 2011-16 in Tables 4.1 to 4.2 and Tables 4.15 to 4.17, figures relating to 1991-99, 2001-09 and 2011-20 in Tables 4.5 to 4.10 and figures relating to 1990-94, 1996-99 and 2001-21 in Tables 4.11 to 4.13 have been omitted because of lack of space. Complete series are, however, available on line at www.latameconomy.org and in the database OECD (2024), “Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean: Comparative tables”, OECD Tax Statistics, https://doi.org/10.1787/data-00641-en.
Table 4.1. Total tax revenue as % of GDP, 1990-2022 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | .. | 12.0 | 15.4 | 21.3 | 19.6 | 19.0 | 18.0 | 19.8 | 20.1 | 19.1 |
Argentina | 13.3 | 19.2 | 24.5 | 29.1 | 30.0 | 28.5 | 28.5 | 29.7 | 29.0 | 29.6 |
Bahamas1 | 9.7 | 12.2 | 11.2 | 12.7 | 17.3 | 16.9 | 19.1 | 18.4 | 18.0 | 19.6 |
Barbados | 25.3 | 30.9 | 31.3 | 30.0 | 32.7 | 33.3 | 32.3 | 33.4 | 31.9 | 30.5 |
Belize | 15.9 | 14.1 | 16.6 | 21.0 | 23.0 | 24.1 | 24.7 | 21.4 | 21.6 | 22.1 |
Bolivia | 6.5 | 17.6 | 20.0 | 22.9 | 25.9 | 25.0 | 24.7 | 22.2 | 22.6 | 23.7 |
Brazil | 27.8 | 29.4 | 32.7 | 31.7 | 31.7 | 32.0 | 31.9 | 30.5 | 32.5 | 33.3 |
Chile | 16.8 | 18.7 | 20.8 | 19.7 | 20.2 | 21.3 | 21.0 | 19.3 | 22.2 | 23.9 |
Colombia | 11.3 | 15.7 | 18.3 | 18.1 | 19.0 | 19.3 | 19.7 | 18.8 | 19.2 | 19.7 |
Costa Rica | 22.4 | 21.1 | 21.8 | 22.1 | 23.0 | 23.2 | 23.4 | 22.6 | 25.0 | 25.5 |
Cuba2 | 31.9 | 37.2 | 41.1 | 37.2 | 42.4 | 42.3 | 42.1 | 37.5 | 17.7 | 18.3 |
Dominican Republic | 8.3 | 12.1 | 13.8 | 12.2 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 12.5 | 14.5 | 13.9 |
Ecuador1 | 7.1 | 11.6 | 13.8 | 16.8 | 20.2 | 21.1 | 19.9 | 18.7 | 19.4 | 20.9 |
El Salvador | 11.3 | 14.2 | 17.0 | 18.7 | 21.0 | 21.3 | 21.0 | 21.7 | 22.8 | 22.9 |
Guatemala | 7.9 | 11.7 | 13.1 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.0 | 12.4 | 14.1 | 14.4 |
Guyana | 15.2 | 15.7 | 17.6 | 16.0 | 19.5 | 22.2 | 23.2 | 21.3 | 16.8 | 10.6 |
Honduras | 12.4 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 18.2 | 21.7 | 21.9 | 21.5 | 19.2 | 21.2 | 21.4 |
Jamaica | 20.3 | 22.2 | 23.3 | 24.9 | 27.3 | 27.7 | 28.6 | 27.7 | 27.9 | 29.3 |
Mexico | 12.1 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 12.8 | 16.1 | 16.1 | 16.3 | 17.7 | 17.3 | 16.9 |
Nicaragua1 | .. | 14.3 | 17.4 | 19.3 | 23.8 | 23.2 | 25.5 | 25.4 | 27.0 | 27.8 |
Panama1 | 16.6 | 15.5 | 13.6 | 16.4 | 15.1 | 14.3 | 13.5 | 12.7 | 12.0 | 13.1 |
Paraguay | 8.5 | 11.6 | 10.7 | 12.1 | 14.0 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 13.9 | 14.7 |
Peru | 12.0 | 15.2 | 16.6 | 17.8 | 15.3 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 15.3 | 18.1 | 19.2 |
Saint Lucia1 | .. | 19.3 | 19.4 | 20.6 | 20.4 | 20.7 | 20.8 | 21.3 | 19.8 | 18.4 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 23.3 | 21.9 | 28.3 | 28.7 | 19.7 | 22.8 | 24.3 | 22.1 | 22.4 | 23.7 |
Uruguay1 | 18.3 | 21.3 | 22.9 | 24.2 | 26.5 | 26.7 | 26.2 | 26.6 | 25.6 | 26.6 |
Venezuela3 | 21.2 | 13.5 | 15.9 | 11.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC4 | 14.6 | 17.1 | 18.8 | 20.0 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 21.6 | 21.0 | 21.3 | 21.5 |
OECD5 | 30.8 | 32.9 | 32.6 | 31.5 | 33.3 | 33.5 | 33.4 | 33.6 | 34.2 | 34.0 |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2022), the Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021 and 2022), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021 and 2022), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2022), Panama (local tax revenues and social security contributions for 2022), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021 and 2022) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2022). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||||||
← 2. Figures in and after 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 3. Some tax revenue data are not available between 2014 and 2017 and therefore total figures have not been included. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 4. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 5. Calculated by applying the unweighted average percentage change for 2022 in the 36 countries providing data for that year to the overall average tax to GDP ratio in 2021. |
Table 4.2. Total tax revenue in millions of USD at market exchange rates, 1990-2022 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | .. | 99 | 158 | 244 | 287 | 305 | 304 | 271 | 295 | 336 |
Argentina | 20 952 | 61 084 | 48 885 | 123 456 | 193 442 | 149 532 | 127 342 | 114 585 | 141 542 | 186 877 |
Bahamas1 | 505 | 965 | 1 060 | 1 277 | 2 118 | 2 120 | 2 486 | 2 076 | 1 831 | 2 425 |
Barbados | 513 | 946 | 1 225 | 1 368 | 1 640 | 1 717 | 1 721 | 1 491 | 1 621 | 1 822 |
Belize | 89 | 159 | 247 | 370 | 527 | 565 | 577 | 467 | 564 | 673 |
Bolivia | 317 | 1 478 | 1 910 | 4 527 | 9 777 | 10 136 | 10 173 | 8 176 | 9 213 | 10 498 |
Brazil | 133 077 | 192 661 | 291 327 | 700 962 | 654 769 | 613 148 | 598 172 | 449 511 | 536 248 | 638 812 |
Chile | 5 829 | 14 650 | 25 487 | 42 836 | 55 902 | 62 806 | 58 332 | 49 029 | 70 363 | 72 000 |
Colombia | 5 136 | 14 657 | 26 583 | 51 824 | 59 207 | 64 358 | 63 721 | 50 780 | 61 288 | 67 788 |
Costa Rica | 1 285 | 3 182 | 4 363 | 8 397 | 13 903 | 14 449 | 15 086 | 14 086 | 16 125 | 17 504 |
Cuba2 | 6 870 | 11 367 | 17 528 | 23 949 | 41 022 | 42 307 | 43 504 | 40 263 | 4 022 | 2 577 |
Dominican Republic | 664 | 2 951 | 4 946 | 6 600 | 10 509 | 11 237 | 11 935 | 9 854 | 13 683 | 15 868 |
Ecuador1 | 1 078 | 2 125 | 5 724 | 11 693 | 21 036 | 22 656 | 21 501 | 18 543 | 20 647 | 24 070 |
El Salvador | 543 | 1 669 | 2 497 | 3 447 | 5 234 | 5 545 | 5 640 | 5 404 | 6 708 | 7 430 |
Guatemala | 593 | 2 129 | 3 560 | 5 153 | 9 481 | 9 643 | 10 018 | 9 652 | 12 166 | 13 673 |
Guyana | 104 | 234 | 302 | 549 | 927 | 1 061 | 1 200 | 1 168 | 1 355 | 1 556 |
Honduras | 515 | 1 233 | 1 751 | 2 887 | 5 009 | 5 274 | 5 386 | 4 543 | 5 998 | 6 743 |
Jamaica | 1 027 | 1 998 | 2 617 | 3 286 | 4 026 | 4 338 | 4 514 | 3 842 | 4 093 | 4 982 |
Mexico | 35 908 | 81 160 | 99 772 | 135 866 | 186 897 | 198 032 | 207 926 | 193 857 | 220 159 | 240 116 |
Nicaragua1 | .. | 733 | 1 097 | 1 693 | 3 288 | 3 025 | 3 244 | 3 223 | 3 824 | 4 353 |
Panama1 | 948 | 1 942 | 2 257 | 4 815 | 9 366 | 9 631 | 9 382 | 7 240 | 8 106 | 10 038 |
Paraguay | 494 | 1 029 | 1 146 | 3 286 | 5 469 | 5 575 | 5 289 | 4 791 | 5 544 | 6 124 |
Peru | 3 389 | 7 674 | 12 338 | 26 478 | 33 099 | 37 473 | 38 777 | 31 635 | 41 038 | 46 947 |
Saint Lucia1 | .. | 178 | 227 | 307 | 410 | 429 | 437 | 342 | 388 | 430 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 1 158 | 1 746 | 4 414 | 6 261 | 4 617 | 5 449 | 5 686 | 4 630 | 5 142 | 6 749 |
Uruguay1 | 2 051 | 5 303 | 4 351 | 10 618 | 17 275 | 17 404 | 16 273 | 14 288 | 15 725 | 18 905 |
Venezuela3 | 10 259 | 12 758 | 23 076 | 38 220 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2022), the Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021 and 2022), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021 and 2022), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2022), Panama (local tax revenues and social security contributions for 2022), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021 and 2022) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2022). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||||||
← 2. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 3. Some tax revenue data are not available between 2014 and 2017 and therefore total figures have not been included. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. |
Table 4.3. Tax revenue of main headings as % of GDP, 2022 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1000 Income & profits | 2000 Social security | 3000 Payroll | 4000 Property | 5000 Goods and services | 6000 Others | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 12.3 | 0.0 |
Argentina | 5.7 | 5.3 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 15.6 | 0.2 |
Bahamas1 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 15.5 | 0.0 |
Barbados | 8.6 | 5.2 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 14.7 | 0.0 |
Belize | 5.7 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 13.4 | 0.0 |
Bolivia | 3.4 | 5.7 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 12.1 | 2.2 |
Brazil | 9.2 | 8.1 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 13.7 | 0.2 |
Chile | 10.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 11.5 | -0.2 |
Colombia | 6.6 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 8.8 | 0.9 |
Costa Rica | 5.5 | 8.9 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 8.3 | 0.9 |
Cuba | 8.6 | 2.6 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 4.1 |
Dominican Republic | 4.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 8.7 | 0.0 |
Ecuador1 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 10.4 | 0.0 |
El Salvador | 8.3 | 2.6 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 11.3 | 0.3 |
Guatemala | 3.5 | 2.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 7.6 | 0.8 |
Guyana | 5.4 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 3.9 | 0.1 |
Honduras | 6.2 | 3.3 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 10.4 | 0.8 |
Jamaica | 7.9 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 17.4 | 0.1 |
Mexico | 8.0 | 2.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 5.3 | 0.4 |
Nicaragua1 | 9.0 | 6.3 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 11.9 | 0.3 |
Panama1 | 3.7 | 5.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 3.5 | 0.0 |
Paraguay | 3.0 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 7.2 | 0.1 |
Peru | 8.0 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 8.6 | 0.2 |
Saint Lucia1 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 11.6 | 0.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 16.0 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 5.2 | 0.0 |
Uruguay1 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 10.6 | 0.2 |
Venezuela2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||
LAC3 | 6.3 | 3.6 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 10.1 | 0.4 |
OECD4 | 12.0 | 9.0 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 10.7 | 0.1 |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||
← 1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2022), the Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021 and 2022), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021 and 2022), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2022), Panama (local tax revenues and social security contributions for 2022), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021 and 2022) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2022). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||
← 2. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. Data for 2021 are used as data for 2022 were not available at the time of publication.. |
Table 4.4. Tax revenue of main headings as % of total tax revenue, 2022 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1000 Income & profits | 2000 Social security | 3000 Payroll | 4000 Property | 5000 Goods and services | 6000 Others | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | 7.8 | 17.2 | 0.0 | 10.6 | 64.4 | 0.0 |
Argentina | 19.4 | 17.7 | 0.0 | 9.8 | 52.6 | 0.5 |
Bahamas1 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 0.0 | 9.9 | 79.1 | 0.0 |
Barbados | 28.1 | 17.0 | 0.0 | 6.5 | 48.3 | 0.0 |
Belize | 25.6 | 10.7 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 60.6 | 0.0 |
Bolivia | 14.4 | 24.1 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 51.1 | 9.3 |
Brazil | 27.6 | 24.2 | 1.6 | 4.9 | 41.1 | 0.6 |
Chile | 43.7 | 4.1 | 0.0 | 5.1 | 47.8 | -0.8 |
Colombia | 33.2 | 8.3 | 1.5 | 7.8 | 44.8 | 4.4 |
Costa Rica | 21.5 | 34.8 | 5.7 | 2.0 | 32.6 | 3.5 |
Cuba | 46.8 | 14.4 | 5.4 | 0.0 | 10.9 | 22.5 |
Dominican Republic | 31.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 5.2 | 62.2 | 0.0 |
Ecuador1 | 22.1 | 24.0 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 49.8 | 0.0 |
El Salvador | 36.4 | 11.2 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 49.6 | 1.4 |
Guatemala | 24.2 | 14.7 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 52.8 | 5.8 |
Guyana | 50.8 | 9.7 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 36.9 | 0.6 |
Honduras | 29.1 | 15.2 | 0.7 | 2.9 | 48.5 | 3.6 |
Jamaica | 26.9 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 2.7 | 59.5 | 0.3 |
Mexico | 47.3 | 14.1 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 31.1 | 2.7 |
Nicaragua1 | 32.5 | 22.8 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 42.7 | 0.9 |
Panama1 | 28.0 | 42.0 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 26.4 | 0.3 |
Paraguay | 20.4 | 28.8 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 48.9 | 0.7 |
Peru | 41.9 | 9.9 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 44.9 | 1.2 |
Saint Lucia1 | 21.2 | 13.3 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 63.2 | 0.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 67.4 | 9.9 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 21.8 | 0.0 |
Uruguay1 | 26.6 | 25.2 | 0.0 | 7.7 | 39.9 | 0.6 |
Venezuela2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||
LAC3 | 29.8 | 16.7 | 1.0 | 3.8 | 46.5 | 2.2 |
OECD4 | 35.1 | 25.6 | 1.3 | 5.6 | 31.9 | 0.4 |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||
← 1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2022), the Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021 and 2022), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021 and 2022), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2022), Panama (local tax revenues and social security contributions for 2022), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021 and 2022) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2022). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||
← 2. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. Data for 2021 are used as data for 2022 were not available at the time of publication. |
Table 4.5. Taxes on income and profits (1000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | 1.7 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 1.5 | .. | 14.0 | 14.0 | 10.5 | 7.8 |
Argentina | 0.7 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 18.5 | 16.2 | 17.5 | 19.4 |
Bahamas | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Barbados | 6.1 | 9.8 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 24.3 | 31.7 | 28.0 | 27.7 | 28.1 |
Belize | 3.3 | 3.4 | 7.1 | 4.3 | 5.7 | 20.9 | 23.9 | 33.6 | 19.8 | 25.6 |
Bolivia | 0.4 | 2.3 | 4.6 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 6.7 | 13.2 | 20.0 | 12.1 | 14.4 |
Brazil | 5.1 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 18.3 | 19.5 | 21.0 | 24.1 | 27.6 |
Chile | 3.9 | 4.4 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 10.5 | 23.2 | 23.3 | 38.1 | 38.3 | 43.7 |
Colombia | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 29.9 | 23.2 | 26.6 | 31.9 | 33.2 |
Costa Rica | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 10.0 | 13.2 | 17.1 | 20.6 | 21.5 |
Cuba1 | 0.1 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 0.2 | 16.1 | 15.0 | 46.2 | 46.8 |
Dominican Republic | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 25.7 | 22.0 | 21.7 | 33.7 | 31.7 |
Ecuador | 0.9 | 1.5 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 12.9 | 12.6 | 25.0 | 21.5 | 22.1 |
El Salvador | 2.0 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 17.6 | 25.7 | 28.9 | 33.7 | 36.4 |
Guatemala | 1.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 19.2 | 19.9 | 18.6 | 24.7 | 24.2 |
Guyana | 5.1 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 7.4 | 5.4 | 33.5 | 37.8 | 35.4 | 43.9 | 50.8 |
Honduras | 2.5 | 2.7 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 6.2 | 20.3 | 15.9 | 24.3 | 24.3 | 29.1 |
Jamaica | 9.5 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 47.0 | 40.4 | 36.9 | 27.1 | 26.9 |
Mexico | 4.1 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 34.0 | 36.0 | 39.8 | 42.7 | 47.3 |
Nicaragua | .. | 1.8 | 4.5 | 8.2 | 9.0 | .. | 12.3 | 23.1 | 30.3 | 32.5 |
Panama | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 3.7 | 22.9 | 25.0 | 27.4 | 24.6 | 28.0 |
Paraguay | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 12.1 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 18.4 | 20.4 |
Peru | 0.7 | 2.9 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 5.8 | 19.0 | 36.5 | 38.4 | 41.9 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 5.5 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 3.9 | .. | 28.6 | 27.1 | 21.9 | 21.2 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 12.3 | 12.4 | 19.6 | 11.1 | 16.0 | 52.7 | 56.8 | 68.5 | 49.5 | 67.4 |
Uruguay | 0.9 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 4.7 | 13.6 | 20.0 | 26.1 | 26.6 |
Venezuela2 | 17.7 | 5.8 | 3.6 | .. | .. | 83.7 | 43.2 | 30.7 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC3 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 20.3 | 22.4 | 26.4 | 27.3 | 29.8 |
OECD4 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 10.2 | 12.0 | .. | 36.2 | 33.9 | 32.2 | 35.1 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. |
Table 4.6. Social security contributions (2000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | .. | .. | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.3 | .. | .. | 12.6 | 16.4 | 17.2 |
Argentina | 3.4 | 3.0 | 6.2 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 25.3 | 15.8 | 21.2 | 17.8 | 17.7 |
Bahamas1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 13.2 | 11.9 | 13.1 | 12.0 | 11.0 |
Barbados | 3.3 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 13.1 | 15.6 | 20.6 | 18.4 | 17.0 |
Belize | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 8.2 | 10.4 | 10.7 |
Bolivia | 0.0 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 0.0 | 7.3 | 16.7 | 26.6 | 24.1 |
Brazil | 6.8 | 7.0 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 24.3 | 23.7 | 25.7 | 24.0 | 24.2 |
Chile | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 5.3 | 4.1 |
Colombia | 0.9 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 7.9 | 16.3 | 11.7 | 10.0 | 8.3 |
Costa Rica | 6.5 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 28.9 | 30.4 | 33.1 | 36.0 | 34.8 |
Cuba2 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 2.6 | 11.0 | 10.4 | 12.4 | 25.0 | 14.4 |
Dominican Republic | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.6 |
Ecuador | 1.6 | 1.2 | 3.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 22.5 | 10.7 | 21.7 | 25.7 | 24.0 |
El Salvador | 2.2 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 19.2 | 19.5 | 13.6 | 11.5 | 11.2 |
Guatemala | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 16.5 | 15.5 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 14.7 |
Guyana | 0.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 3.7 | 11.4 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 9.7 |
Honduras | 1.0 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 8.5 | 9.4 | 15.9 | 16.5 | 15.2 |
Jamaica | .. | .. | 0.7 | 1.4 | 1.6 | .. | .. | 2.9 | 5.1 | 5.5 |
Mexico | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 16.8 | 18.0 | 16.2 | 13.7 | 14.1 |
Nicaragua | .. | 2.6 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 6.3 | .. | 18.0 | 22.4 | 23.8 | 22.8 |
Panama1 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 34.2 | 38.2 | 34.0 | 44.0 | 42.0 |
Paraguay | 0.4 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 25.6 | 22.7 | 27.5 | 28.8 |
Peru | 0.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 7.8 | 11.9 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 9.9 |
Saint Lucia1 | .. | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | .. | 10.0 | 11.1 | 12.0 | 13.3 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 3.7 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 13.0 | 9.9 |
Uruguay3 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 29.9 | 27.5 | 23.4 | 24.2 | 25.2 |
Venezuela4 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.0 | .. | .. | 4.9 | 5.4 | 8.1 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC5 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 14.1 | 15.5 | 15.8 | 17.5 | 16.7 |
OECD6 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 9.0 | .. | 21.8 | 24.9 | 26.6 | 25.6 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Revenues from social security contributions are estimated in the following countries: Antigua and Barbuda (2019-2022), the Bahamas (2021 and 2022), Panama (2022) and Saint Lucia (2021 and 2022). | ||||||||||
← 2. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 3. Figures for 1990-98 are estimated by the Direction General of Taxes as the methodology they use to calculate social security contributions was not employed until 1999. | ||||||||||
← 4. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 5. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 6. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. |
Table 4.7. Taxes on payroll (3000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Argentina | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Bahamas | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Barbados | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Belize | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Bolivia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Brazil | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Chile | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Colombia | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 1.7 | 1.5 |
Costa Rica | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.7 |
Cuba1 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 6.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 8.5 | 18.4 | 6.2 | 5.4 |
Dominican Republic | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Ecuador | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
El Salvador | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Guatemala | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
Guyana | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Honduras | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Jamaica | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 5.0 |
Mexico | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.9 |
Nicaragua | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Panama | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
Paraguay | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Peru | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Uruguay | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Venezuela2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
OECD4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | .. | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. |
Table 4.8. Taxes on property (4000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | 0.6 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.0 | .. | 4.9 | 7.5 | 11.6 | 10.6 |
Argentina | 1.5 | 1.2 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 11.4 | 6.3 | 9.0 | 10.5 | 9.8 |
Bahamas | 1.1 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 11.2 | 21.6 | 21.1 | 11.1 | 9.9 |
Barbados | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 14.4 | 5.7 | 4.8 | 6.7 | 6.5 |
Belize | 3.1 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 19.2 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 5.6 | 3.1 |
Bolivia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
Brazil | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
Chile | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 5.1 |
Colombia | 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 6.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 7.8 |
Costa Rica | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
Cuba | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Dominican Republic | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 5.2 |
Ecuador | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 4.1 |
El Salvador | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 4.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
Guatemala | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 5.6 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Guyana | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Honduras | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 |
Jamaica | 2.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 12.5 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.7 |
Mexico | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
Nicaragua | .. | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | .. | 0.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
Panama | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 3.4 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
Paraguay | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
Peru | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 13.6 | 1.2 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | .. | 2.2 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 2.3 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Uruguay | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 7.6 | 7.7 |
Venezuela1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.0 | .. | .. | 0.3 | 3.7 | 0.2 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC2 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 6.0 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 3.8 |
OECD3 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.9 | .. | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.6 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 2. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. |
Table 4.9. Taxes on goods and services (5000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | 9.7 | 14.0 | 12.3 | 12.3 | .. | 81.1 | 65.9 | 61.5 | 64.4 |
Argentina | 7.3 | 10.9 | 15.2 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 55.2 | 56.5 | 52.4 | 53.6 | 52.6 |
Bahamas | 7.4 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 13.8 | 15.5 | 76.4 | 64.3 | 61.1 | 76.9 | 79.1 |
Barbados | 12.2 | 14.5 | 14.0 | 15.1 | 14.7 | 48.2 | 47.0 | 46.6 | 47.2 | 48.3 |
Belize | 8.6 | 9.3 | 11.6 | 13.8 | 13.4 | 54.1 | 66.1 | 55.2 | 64.2 | 60.6 |
Bolivia | 5.9 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 11.5 | 12.1 | 90.2 | 72.7 | 56.4 | 50.9 | 51.1 |
Brazil | 13.5 | 14.1 | 15.0 | 14.7 | 13.7 | 48.7 | 48.0 | 47.2 | 45.3 | 41.1 |
Chile | 10.6 | 11.9 | 10.1 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 62.9 | 63.8 | 51.2 | 53.1 | 47.8 |
Colombia | 6.1 | 7.3 | 8.2 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 53.8 | 46.3 | 45.1 | 43.3 | 44.8 |
Costa Rica | 10.2 | 9.9 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 45.5 | 46.7 | 40.3 | 34.8 | 32.6 |
Cuba1 | 27.7 | 22.0 | 19.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 86.9 | 59.2 | 51.3 | 11.0 | 10.9 |
Dominican Republic | 5.8 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 69.8 | 74.7 | 71.9 | 59.5 | 62.2 |
Ecuador | 4.5 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 9.9 | 10.4 | 63.0 | 75.7 | 51.9 | 50.9 | 49.8 |
El Salvador | 5.4 | 7.7 | 10.2 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 47.7 | 54.1 | 54.5 | 52.1 | 49.6 |
Guatemala | 4.6 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 58.7 | 62.4 | 56.0 | 51.7 | 52.8 |
Guyana | 6.4 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 7.4 | 3.9 | 42.0 | 48.6 | 53.0 | 43.9 | 36.9 |
Honduras | 8.2 | 11.7 | 9.7 | 11.1 | 10.4 | 66.2 | 68.0 | 53.1 | 52.3 | 48.5 |
Jamaica | 7.4 | 11.1 | 13.0 | 16.5 | 17.4 | 36.4 | 50.1 | 52.1 | 59.3 | 59.5 |
Mexico | 5.3 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 6.4 | 5.3 | 44.0 | 41.7 | 38.0 | 37.0 | 31.1 |
Nicaragua | .. | 8.6 | 10.1 | 11.8 | 11.9 | .. | 60.0 | 52.4 | 43.6 | 42.7 |
Panama | 6.1 | 4.9 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 36.8 | 31.3 | 33.7 | 27.4 | 26.4 |
Paraguay | 6.1 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 72.1 | 58.0 | 60.5 | 52.1 | 48.9 |
Peru | 8.5 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 71.4 | 60.8 | 48.6 | 46.7 | 44.9 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 11.4 | 12.3 | 12.5 | 11.6 | .. | 59.1 | 59.5 | 63.2 | 63.2 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 9.7 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 8.2 | 5.2 | 41.7 | 35.2 | 24.3 | 36.7 | 21.8 |
Uruguay | 10.4 | 10.7 | 11.4 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 56.6 | 50.1 | 47.1 | 41.5 | 39.9 |
Venezuela2 | 2.4 | 6.4 | 7.2 | .. | .. | 11.1 | 47.7 | 61.1 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC3 | 7.7 | 9.4 | 10.0 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 56.4 | 56.9 | 51.1 | 48.4 | 46.5 |
OECD4 | 9.9 | 10.8 | 10.5 | 10.7 | .. | 33.7 | 33.9 | 34.0 | 31.9 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. |
Table 4.10. Value added taxes (5111) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | .. | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.4 | .. | .. | 27.2 | 30.3 | 33.5 |
Argentina | 2.1 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 15.6 | 31.1 | 24.1 | 24.1 | 23.9 |
Bahamas | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.3 | 9.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.4 | 46.8 |
Barbados | 0.0 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 0.0 | 26.0 | 28.1 | 27.3 | 28.1 |
Belize | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 26.9 | 27.1 | 29.5 |
Bolivia | 2.8 | 5.7 | 7.4 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 43.0 | 32.2 | 32.5 | 30.4 | 30.6 |
Brazil | 8.0 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 28.7 | 23.3 | 21.7 | 22.5 | 21.0 |
Chile | 6.3 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 37.4 | 41.8 | 38.5 | 42.6 | 39.0 |
Colombia | 2.6 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 22.6 | 27.6 | 29.3 | 30.5 | 31.8 |
Costa Rica | 4.1 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 18.1 | 22.8 | 21.0 | 20.4 | 19.4 |
Cuba | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Dominican Republic | 1.3 | 2.5 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 15.1 | 20.8 | 33.5 | 33.4 | 35.6 |
Ecuador | 2.0 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 28.0 | 43.5 | 32.1 | 31.9 | 32.6 |
El Salvador | 0.0 | 6.1 | 7.8 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 0.0 | 42.8 | 41.6 | 41.3 | 39.6 |
Guatemala | 2.3 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 28.8 | 37.9 | 40.9 | 39.3 | 41.0 |
Guyana | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 24.2 | 17.1 | 17.5 |
Honduras | 2.0 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 16.2 | 28.1 | 29.4 | 34.0 | 33.8 |
Jamaica | 0.8 | 5.7 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 3.8 | 25.5 | 28.7 | 31.6 | 32.1 |
Mexico | 3.2 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 26.1 | 24.7 | 29.4 | 25.2 | 25.4 |
Nicaragua | .. | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.6 | 6.8 | .. | 31.5 | 28.6 | 24.5 | 24.4 |
Panama | 1.4 | 0.6 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 8.5 | 3.6 | 15.9 | 14.2 | 14.0 |
Paraguay | 0.0 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 0.0 | 32.1 | 38.3 | 36.5 | 35.0 |
Peru | 2.1 | 5.5 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 17.1 | 36.0 | 38.9 | 39.4 | 38.0 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.8 | 5.3 | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 29.2 | 28.9 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 4.4 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 2.4 | 18.8 | 17.3 | 15.2 | 23.9 | 10.2 |
Uruguay | 5.0 | 6.0 | 7.9 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 27.5 | 28.0 | 32.8 | 27.0 | 25.6 |
Venezuela1 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 5.5 | .. | .. | 0.0 | 30.2 | 46.7 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC2 | 2.3 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 16.2 | 24.0 | 27.2 | 28.6 | 28.3 |
OECD3 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 7.0 | .. | 17.0 | 19.6 | 20.5 | 20.7 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 2. Represents the group of 26 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba (up to 2020) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. |
Table 4.11. Tax revenues of sub-sectors of general government as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Central government | State or regional government | Local government | Social Security Funds | |||||||||
1995 | 2000 | 2022 | 1995 | 2000 | 2022 | 1995 | 2000 | 2022 | 1995 | 2000 | 2022 | |
Federal countries | ||||||||||||
Argentina | 59.0 | 66.4 | 65.1 | 17.5 | 17.8 | 17.1 | .. | .. | .. | 23.4 | 15.8 | 17.7 |
Brazil | 44.8 | 47.9 | 46.2 | 26.5 | 25.0 | 23.4 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 6.2 | 25.0 | 23.7 | 24.2 |
Mexico | 73.9 | 78.3 | 79.5 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 4.5 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 21.8 | 18.0 | 14.1 |
Venezuela1 | 94.6 | 94.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.4 | 5.4 | .. |
Regional country | ||||||||||||
Colombia | 63.2 | 68.7 | 75.2 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 11.7 | 22.7 | 16.3 | 8.3 |
Unitary countries | ||||||||||||
Antigua and Barbuda | 100.0 | 100.0 | 82.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 17.2 |
Bahamas | 89.1 | 88.1 | 89.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10.9 | 11.9 | 11.0 |
Barbados | 85.6 | 84.4 | 83.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 14.4 | 15.6 | 17.0 |
Belize | 93.2 | 93.5 | 88.8 | .. | .. | .. | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 10.7 |
Bolivia | 94.3 | 86.4 | 71.5 | .. | .. | .. | 5.7 | 6.3 | 4.4 | .. | 7.3 | 24.1 |
Chile | 89.9 | 87.8 | 89.9 | .. | .. | .. | 6.5 | 7.9 | 6.9 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 3.2 |
Costa Rica | 65.5 | 63.3 | 61.4 | .. | .. | .. | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 33.0 | 34.8 | 35.9 |
Cuba2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.3 | 10.4 | 14.4 |
Dominican Republic | 99.3 | 99.0 | 99.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 |
Ecuador3 | 70.5 | 87.7 | 73.3 | .. | .. | .. | 4.0 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 25.5 | 10.7 | 24.0 |
El Salvador | 80.9 | 80.5 | 86.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.9 | 19.1 | 19.5 | 11.2 |
Guatemala | 83.6 | 83.6 | 84.5 | .. | .. | .. | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 15.8 | 15.5 | 14.7 |
Guyana | 92.6 | 88.6 | 90.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.0 | 7.4 | 11.4 | 9.7 |
Honduras | 86.1 | 85.3 | 81.2 | .. | .. | .. | 4.4 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 15.2 |
Jamaica | 100.0 | 99.3 | 93.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.7 | 1.3 | .. | .. | 5.5 |
Nicaragua3 | 80.4 | 72.5 | 71.3 | .. | .. | .. | 4.6 | 9.5 | 5.9 | 15.0 | 18.0 | 22.8 |
Panama3 | 67.2 | 59.6 | 56.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.2 | 1.6 | 32.8 | 38.2 | 42.0 |
Paraguay | 92.0 | 74.4 | 68.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.4 | 8.0 | 25.6 | 28.8 |
Peru | 88.7 | 86.5 | 88.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.6 | 2.1 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 9.9 |
Saint Lucia | 100.0 | 90.0 | 86.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10.0 | 13.3 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 96.8 | 93.6 | 90.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.2 | 6.4 | 9.9 |
Uruguay3 | 61.7 | 63.6 | 69.2 | .. | .. | .. | 8.8 | 8.9 | 5.6 | 29.5 | 27.5 | 25.2 |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||||
← 1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 and data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. The breakdown by sub-sectors of general government is not available for those years. | ||||||||||||
← 2. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||||
← 3. Revenues from local government are estimated in the following countries: Ecuador (2021 and 2022), Nicaragua (2022), Panama (2022) and Uruguay (2022). See the corresponding country tables for more information. |
Table 4.13. Main state government taxes as % of total tax revenues of state government, 2022 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1000 Income & profits | 2000 Social security | 3000 Payroll | 4000 Property | 5000 Goods and services | 6000 Others | |
Federal countries | ||||||
Argentina | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 14.7 | 83.6 | 1.7 |
Brazil | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 98.1 | 0.0 |
Mexico | 0.0 | 0.0 | 64.5 | 15.3 | 13.5 | 6.6 |
Venezuela | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Regional country | ||||||
Colombia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 70.7 | 29.3 |
Unitary countries | ||||||
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Bahamas | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Barbados | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Belize | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Bolivia | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Chile | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Costa Rica | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Cuba | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Dominican Republic | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Ecuador | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
El Salvador | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Guatemala | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Guyana | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Honduras | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Jamaica | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Nicaragua | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Panama | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Paraguay | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Peru | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Saint Lucia | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Trinidad and Tobago | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Uruguay | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Table 4.14. Main local government taxes as % of total tax revenues of local government, 2022 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1000 Income & profits | 2000 Social security | 3000 Payroll | 4000 Property | 5000 Goods and services | 6000 Others | |
Federal countries | ||||||
Argentina | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Brazil | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 41.1 | 58.7 | 0.2 |
Mexico | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 65.3 | 1.0 | 33.7 |
Venezuela | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Regional country | ||||||
Colombia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 28.9 | 48.1 | 22.9 |
Unitary countries | ||||||
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Bahamas | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Barbados | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Belize | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Bolivia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Chile | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 46.1 | 53.9 | 0.0 |
Costa Rica | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 49.1 | 50.9 | 0.1 |
Cuba | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Dominican Republic | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Ecuador | 11.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 48.9 | 39.8 | 0.0 |
El Salvador | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.8 | 14.7 | 77.5 |
Guatemala | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Guyana | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Honduras | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Jamaica | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Nicaragua | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 18.7 | 65.8 | 15.4 |
Panama | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 |
Paraguay | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 49.0 | 41.7 | 9.3 |
Peru | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 85.7 | 12.8 | 1.5 |
Saint Lucia | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Trinidad and Tobago | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Uruguay | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 54.3 | 38.1 | 7.6 |
Table 4.15. Gross domestic product for tax reporting years at market prices, in millions of national currency | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | ||
Antigua and Barbuda | XCD | 1 241 | 2 231 | 2 762 | 3 101 | 3 964 | 4 336 | 4 556 | 3 700 | 3 972 | 4 746 |
Argentina | ARS | 77 060 | 317 759 | 582 538 | 1 661 721 | 10 660 228 | 14 744 811 | 21 558 444 | 27 209 814 | 46 346 227 | 82 436 434 |
Bahamas | BSD | 5 218 | 7 880 | 9 446 | 10 039 | 12 243 | 12 541 | 13 024 | 11 270 | 10 170 | 12 370 |
Barbados | BBD | 4 059 | 6 116 | 7 838 | 9 124 | 10 021 | 10 308 | 10 654 | 8 921 | 10 166 | 11 943 |
Belize | BZD | 1 124 | 2 256 | 2 983 | 3 518 | 4 587 | 4 681 | 4 665 | 4 366 | 5 230 | 6 087 |
Bolivia | BOB | 15 443 | 51 928 | 77 024 | 137 876 | 259 185 | 278 388 | 282 587 | 253 112 | 279 206 | 304 097 |
Brazil | BRL | 12 | 1 199 092 | 2 170 585 | 3 885 847 | 6 585 479 | 7 004 141 | 7 389 131 | 7 609 597 | 8 898 727 | 9 915 316 |
Chile | CLP | 10 594 797 | 42 215 030 | 68 467 940 | 110 777 867 | 179 314 910 | 189 434 867 | 195 752 228 | 201 428 894 | 240 371 473 | 262 593 356 |
Colombia | COP | 22 731 433 | 195 108 574 | 337 958 000 | 544 060 000 | 920 471 000 | 987 791 000 | 1 060 068 000 | 997 742 000 | 1 192 586 000 | 1 463 873 100 |
Costa Rica | CRC | 525 310 | 4 627 051 | 9 577 022 | 19 802 011 | 34 343 647 | 36 014 719 | 37 832 150 | 36 495 246 | 40 112 925 | 44 251 690 |
Cuba | CUP | 19 645 | 30 565 | 42 644 | 64 328 | 96 851 | 100 050 | 103 428 | 107 352 | 545 218 | 633 442 |
Dominican Republic | DOP | 77 344 | 393 303 | 1 083 445 | 1 983 202 | 3 802 656 | 4 235 847 | 4 562 235 | 4 456 657 | 5 392 714 | 6 260 564 |
Ecuador | USD | 15 232 | 18 319 | 41 507 | 69 555 | 104 296 | 107 562 | 108 108 | 99 291 | 106 166 | 115 049 |
El Salvador | USD | 4 818 | 11 785 | 14 698 | 18 448 | 24 979 | 26 021 | 26 881 | 24 930 | 29 451 | 32 489 |
Guatemala | GTQ | 33 613 | 140 702 | 207 729 | 333 093 | 526 507 | 551 368 | 593 972 | 600 089 | 665 568 | 736 109 |
Guyana | GYD | 34 523 | 273 054 | 342 157 | 699 064 | 980 498 | 994 472 | 1 078 729 | 1 140 757 | 1 676 624 | 3 068 784 |
Honduras | HNL | 17 141 | 106 654 | 183 747 | 299 286 | 543 403 | 575 285 | 614 918 | 585 734 | 684 204 | 776 636 |
Jamaica | JMD | 38 145 | 395 009 | 700 275 | 1 152 780 | 1 895 025 | 2 027 251 | 2 110 433 | 1 966 928 | 2 210 219 | 2 623 255 |
Mexico | MXN | 843 623 | 6 693 683 | 9 562 648 | 13 366 377 | 21 934 168 | 23 524 390 | 24 445 735 | 23 430 377 | 25 803 508 | 28 463 841 |
Nicaragua | NIO | 519 | 64 812 | 105 777 | 187 053 | 414 279 | 410 988 | 420 614 | 435 395 | 497 524 | 562 208 |
Panama | PAB | 5 723 | 12 502 | 16 638 | 29 440 | 62 203 | 67 294 | 69 722 | 57 087 | 67 407 | 76 523 |
Paraguay | PYG | 7 147 738 | 30 874 088 | 66 335 828 | 129 092 883 | 219 122 277 | 230 576 477 | 236 681 497 | 239 914 729 | 270 633 896 | 291 336 457 |
Peru | PEN | 5 322 | 175 862 | 244 652 | 420 906 | 703 501 | 745 710 | 775 571 | 720 778 | 877 822 | 939 444 |
Saint Lucia | XCD | 1 587 | 2 489 | 3 154 | 4 021 | 5 439 | 5 593 | 5 677 | 4 332 | 5 295 | 6 317 |
Trinidad and Tobago | TTD | 21 105 | 50 098 | 97 612 | 138 557 | 157 931 | 161 436 | 157 875 | 141 395 | 155 360 | 192 660 |
Uruguay | UYU | 13 103 | 301 275 | 463 684 | 881 592 | 1 864 140 | 2 003 380 | 2 187 545 | 2 254 724 | 2 674 703 | 2 930 192 |
Venezuela | VES | 0 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 2 009 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Source: OECD National Accounts data for Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico, the World Economic Outlook (IMF) for Barbados, Belize, Saint Lucia, Trinidad & Tobago and Uruguay, and official National Accounts data for Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela. For Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, the Bahamas, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua and Panama, official national sources were used where available, together with data from the IMF. For Cuba, figures since 1996 have come from Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI), while data before 1996 come from ECLAC/CEPAL. For Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Saint Lucia and Trinidad and Tobago, GDP figures are reported on a fiscal year basis. For Jamaica, GDP for 1990-2003 are reported on a fiscal year basis, while for other years, they are reported on a calendar year basis. |
Table 4.16. Gross domestic product for tax reporting years at market prices, in millions of USD | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | 459 | 826 | 1 023 | 1 149 | 1 468 | 1 606 | 1 687 | 1 370 | 1 472 | 1 758 |
Argentina | 158 024 | 317 759 | 199 273 | 424 729 | 643 861 | 524 431 | 446 762 | 385 219 | 487 377 | 630 606 |
Bahamas | 5 218 | 7 880 | 9 446 | 10 039 | 12 243 | 12 541 | 13 024 | 11 270 | 10 170 | 12 370 |
Barbados | 2 030 | 3 058 | 3 919 | 4 562 | 5 011 | 5 154 | 5 327 | 4 461 | 5 083 | 5 972 |
Belize | 562 | 1 128 | 1 491 | 1 759 | 2 293 | 2 340 | 2 332 | 2 183 | 2 615 | 3 043 |
Bolivia | 4 868 | 8 385 | 9 573 | 19 786 | 37 782 | 40 581 | 41 193 | 36 897 | 40 701 | 44 329 |
Brazil | 478 052 | 655 453 | 891 633 | 2 208 704 | 2 063 519 | 1 916 934 | 1 873 286 | 1 476 092 | 1 649 626 | 1 920 023 |
Chile | 34 748 | 78 265 | 122 329 | 217 219 | 276 432 | 295 118 | 278 331 | 254 421 | 316 353 | 300 707 |
Colombia | 45 258 | 93 461 | 145 588 | 286 379 | 311 888 | 334 063 | 323 087 | 269 980 | 318 505 | 343 744 |
Costa Rica | 5 736 | 15 054 | 20 040 | 37 943 | 60 487 | 62 397 | 64 448 | 62 419 | 64 558 | 68 632 |
Cuba | 21 541 | 30 565 | 42 644 | 64 328 | 96 851 | 100 050 | 103 428 | 107 352 | 22 717 | 14 064 |
Dominican Republic | 7 995 | 24 306 | 35 948 | 53 921 | 80 082 | 85 630 | 89 032 | 78 923 | 94 458 | 113 873 |
Ecuador | 15 232 | 18 319 | 41 507 | 69 555 | 104 296 | 107 562 | 108 108 | 99 291 | 106 166 | 115 049 |
El Salvador | 4 818 | 11 785 | 14 698 | 18 448 | 24 979 | 26 021 | 26 881 | 24 930 | 29 451 | 32 489 |
Guatemala | 7 535 | 18 124 | 27 203 | 41 327 | 71 624 | 73 331 | 77 156 | 77 714 | 86 041 | 95 004 |
Guyana | 685 | 1 497 | 1 712 | 3 432 | 4 748 | 4 788 | 5 174 | 5 471 | 8 042 | 14 718 |
Honduras | 4 169 | 7 187 | 9 757 | 15 839 | 23 136 | 24 068 | 25 091 | 23 662 | 28 291 | 31 523 |
Jamaica | 5 058 | 8 997 | 11 233 | 13 193 | 14 755 | 15 648 | 15 808 | 13 885 | 14 674 | 17 003 |
Mexico | 296 972 | 708 096 | 878 139 | 1 058 146 | 1 162 291 | 1 226 624 | 1 272 106 | 1 094 833 | 1 275 927 | 1 418 556 |
Nicaragua | 519 | 5 109 | 6 321 | 8 759 | 13 786 | 13 025 | 12 713 | 12 682 | 14 145 | 15 671 |
Panama | 5 723 | 12 502 | 16 638 | 29 440 | 62 203 | 67 294 | 69 722 | 57 087 | 67 407 | 76 523 |
Paraguay | 5 812 | 8 856 | 10 738 | 27 129 | 38 997 | 40 225 | 37 925 | 35 432 | 39 951 | 41 722 |
Peru | 28 326 | 50 414 | 74 232 | 148 991 | 215 740 | 226 858 | 232 419 | 206 199 | 226 231 | 245 008 |
Saint Lucia | 588 | 922 | 1 168 | 1 489 | 2 014 | 2 071 | 2 103 | 1 604 | 1 961 | 2 340 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 4 966 | 7 986 | 15 573 | 21 841 | 23 399 | 23 894 | 23 367 | 20 945 | 22 993 | 28 516 |
Uruguay | 11 204 | 24 892 | 18 986 | 43 967 | 65 068 | 65 229 | 62 056 | 53 664 | 61 413 | 71 177 |
Venezuela | 48 391 | 94 665 | 145 343 | 323 200 | 143 834 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Source: The figures are derived by dividing the GDP data in Table 4.15 by the exchange rate in Table 4.17. |
Table 4.17. Exchange rates used, national currency per US dollar at market exchange rates | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | ||
Antigua and Barbuda | XCD | 2.704 | 2.701 | 2.700 | 2.699 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.701 | 2.701 | 2.699 | 2.700 |
Argentina | ARS | 0.488 | 1.000 | 2.923 | 3.912 | 16.557 | 28.116 | 48.255 | 70.635 | 95.093 | 130.726 |
Bahamas | BSD | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Barbados | BBD | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 |
Belize | BZD | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 |
Bolivia | BOB | 3.172 | 6.193 | 8.046 | 6.968 | 6.860 | 6.860 | 6.860 | 6.860 | 6.860 | 6.860 |
Brazil | BRL | 0.000 | 1.829 | 2.434 | 1.759 | 3.191 | 3.654 | 3.944 | 5.155 | 5.394 | 5.164 |
Chile | CLP | 304.903 | 539.388 | 559.705 | 509.982 | 648.677 | 641.896 | 703.308 | 791.715 | 759.820 | 873.254 |
Colombia | COP | 502.259 | 2 087.587 | 2 321.331 | 1 899.793 | 2 951.288 | 2 956.897 | 3 281.065 | 3 695.612 | 3 744.319 | 4 258.609 |
Costa Rica | CRC | 91.579 | 307.357 | 477.895 | 521.889 | 567.781 | 577.188 | 587.023 | 584.680 | 621.350 | 644.765 |
Cuba | CUP | 0.912 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 24.000 | 45.040 |
Dominican Republic | DOP | 9.674 | 16.181 | 30.139 | 36.780 | 47.485 | 49.467 | 51.243 | 56.468 | 57.091 | 54.978 |
Ecuador | USD | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
El Salvador | USD | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Guatemala | GTQ | 4.461 | 7.763 | 7.636 | 8.060 | 7.351 | 7.519 | 7.698 | 7.722 | 7.735 | 7.748 |
Guyana | GYD | 50.399 | 182.401 | 199.858 | 203.670 | 206.508 | 207.701 | 208.490 | 208.510 | 208.489 | 208.505 |
Honduras | HNL | 4.112 | 14.840 | 18.832 | 18.896 | 23.487 | 23.902 | 24.508 | 24.754 | 24.185 | 24.637 |
Jamaica | JMD | 7.541 | 43.907 | 62.341 | 87.378 | 128.433 | 129.553 | 133.504 | 141.658 | 150.621 | 154.282 |
Mexico | MXN | 2.841 | 9.453 | 10.890 | 12.632 | 18.871 | 19.178 | 19.217 | 21.401 | 20.223 | 20.065 |
Nicaragua | NIO | 1.000 | 12.686 | 16.734 | 21.356 | 30.051 | 31.554 | 33.085 | 34.332 | 35.173 | 35.876 |
Panama | PAB | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Paraguay | PYG | 1 229.845 | 3 486.234 | 6 177.671 | 4 758.483 | 5 618.952 | 5 732.168 | 6 240.778 | 6 771.131 | 6 774.146 | 6 982.802 |
Peru | PEN | 0.188 | 3.488 | 3.296 | 2.825 | 3.261 | 3.287 | 3.337 | 3.496 | 3.880 | 3.834 |
Saint Lucia | XCD | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 |
Trinidad and Tobago | TTD | 4.250 | 6.273 | 6.268 | 6.344 | 6.749 | 6.756 | 6.756 | 6.751 | 6.757 | 6.756 |
Uruguay | UYU | 1.169 | 12.103 | 24.422 | 20.051 | 28.649 | 30.713 | 35.251 | 42.016 | 43.553 | 41.168 |
Venezuela | VES | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.014 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Source: World Economic Outlook (IMF), October 2023. |
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