Abbreviations and Acronyms

AIDA

Albanian Investment Development Agency

ALL

Albanian lek

APPRM

Agency for the Promotion of Entrepreneurship (North Macedonia)

ASEAN

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

B2B

Business-to-business

BAM

Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark

BAN

Business angel network

BDC

Business Development Bank (Canada)

BSS

Business support service

CAB

Conformity assessment body

CAGR

Compound annual growth rate

CCIS

Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Serbia

Cedefop

European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training

CEFTA

Central European Free Trade Agreement

CEN

European Committee for Standardization

CENELEC

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

CGS

Credit guarantee scheme

COSME

Competitiveness of Enterprises and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

DG Exports

Directorate General of Exports (Turkey)

DIN

Deutsches Institut für Normung

EA

European co-operation for Accreditation

EA BLA

EA Bilateral Agreement

EA MLA

EA Multilateral Agreement

EBRD

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

EC

European Commission

EEN

Enterprise Europe Network

EFTA

European Free Trade Association

EIC

European Innovation Council

eIDAS

Authentication and Trust Services Regulation

EIF

European Interoperability Framework

EMS

Environmental management system

ENIF

Enterprise Innovation Fund

EPA

Export promotion agency

ESPP

Electronic System of Public Procurement

ETF

European Training Foundation

EU

European Union

EURAMET

European Association of National Metrology Institutes

FBiH

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

FDI

Foreign direct investment

FITD

Fund for Innovation and Technology Development (North Macedonia)

FMRPO

Federal Ministry of Development, Entrepreneurship and Crafts (FBiH)

FX

Foreign exchange

GCI

Global Competitiveness Index

GCIP

Global Cleantech Innovation Programme

GDP

Gross domestic product

GFI

Global Failure Index

GIZ

Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit

GNI

Gross national income

GVC

Global value chain

ICT

Information and communications technology

IPR

Intellectual property rights

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

JICA

Japan International Cooperation Agency

JRC

Joint Research Centre

KIESA

Kosovo Investment and Enterprise Support Agency

KGF

Credit Guarantee Fund (Turkey)

KOSGEB

SME Development and Support Organisation (Turkey)

MKD

Macedonian denar

MFI

Microfinance institution

MNE

Multinational enterprise

MoU

Memorandum of understanding

MSME

Micro, small and medium-sized enterprise

MXN

Mexican peso

NACE

Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community

NEN

Netherlands Standardization Institute

NBFI

Non-bank finance instrument

NGO

Non-government organisation

NIP

National Incubation Program (Sweden)

NPL

Non-performing loan

NSO

National standards organisation

NSSD

National Strategy for Sustainable Development (Montenegro)

OECD

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

OGD

Open government data

OIZ

Organised Industrial Zone (Turkey)

PPA

Public Procurement Authority

PPC

Public-private consultation

PPC

Public Procurement Commission

PPL

Public Procurement Law

PPO

Public Procurement Office

PPP

Purchasing power parity

PSC

Point of single contact

R&D

Research and development

RARS

Republic Agency for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises (RS)

RAS

Serbian Development Agency

RDA

Regional development agency (Serbia)

RIA

Regulatory impact analysis

RIF

Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal

RS

Republika Srpska

RSD

Serbian dinar

SATE

Technological and Business Assistance System (Mexico)

SBA

Small Business Act for Europe

SCEBN

Scottish Circular Economy Business Network

SME

Small and medium-sized enterprise

STP

Science and Technology Park

TDZ

Technology development zone

TES

Technology extension service

TFI

Trade Facilitation Indicator

TMM

Turkey Materials Marketplace

TNA

Training needs analysis

TRY

Turkish lira

TSE

Turkish Standards Institution

TÜBİTAK

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

UNESCO

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

UNIDO

United Nations Industrial Development Organization

UR-GE

Supporting the Development of International Competitiveness (Turkey)

USAID

United States Agency for International Development

VAT

Value-added tax

VC

Venture capital

VET

Vocational education and training

WB

Western Balkans

WB EDIF

Western Balkans Enterprise Development and Innovation Facility

WBT

Western Balkans and Turkey

WGI

Worldwide Governance Indicators

ZSE

Zagreb Stock Exchange

Economy abbreviations*

ALB

Albania

BIH

Bosnia and Herzegovina

KOS

Kosovo**

MKD

North Macedonia

MNE

Montenegro

SRB

Serbia

TUR

Turkey

Note: * The figures in this publication use ISO alpha-3 codes for economy names, with the exception of Kosovo.

**Kosovo is not listed as an ISO standard economy. While the unofficial 3-digit code XKX is used by the European Commission, this publication opted for KOS for ease of reference.

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