Abbreviations and acronyms

CCDBG

Child Care and Development Block Grant

CCDF

Child Care and Development Fund

DC

District of Colombia

ECEC

Early childhood education and care

ECLS

Early Childhood Longitudinal Study

ELL

English-language learner

FMLA

Family and Medical Leave Act

LEA

Local education authority

KEA

Kindergarten entry assessment

IDEA

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

IELS

International Early Learning and Child Well-being Study

ISCED

International Standard Classification of Education

GDP

Gross domestic product

GED

General Educational Development

K-12

Kindergarten to 12th grade

NAC

National Accreditation Commission for Early Care and Education Programs

NAEP

National Assessment of Educational Progress

NAEYC

National Association for the Education of Young Children

NCES

National Center for Education Statistics

NIEER

National Institute for Early Education Research

Pre-k

Pre-kindergarten

PIRLS

Progress in International Reading Literacy Study

PISA

Programme for International Student Assessment

ROR

Reach Out and Read

QRIS

Quality rating and improvement systems

SEL

Social-emotional learning

SES

Socio-economic status

TANF

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

TIMSS

Trends in Mathematics and Science Study

WHO

World Health Organization