Foreword

This report is a joint publication by the OECD and the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) that examines global trends in triangular co-operation. Triangular co-operation has been recognised as an important modality for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Triangular Co-operation delivers high-impact results through inclusive partnerships that enable all partners to share their expertise, knowledge and resources to deliver on a common objective.

The OECD Development Co-operation Directorate has been providing its members and the broader international community with analysis, data and evidence, dialogue, policy support, and advocacy on the effective use of triangular co-operation for over a decade.

Since its establishment, the IsDB has championed South-South and triangular co-operation among its member countries as one of its key founding principles. Its seminal Reverse Linkage mechanism enables more than 33 of its member countries to share their knowledge and expertise to support sustainable development efforts.

This report is organised in four chapters and an annex. Chapter 1 explores the role of triangular co-operation in supporting sustainable development now and in the future. Chapter 2 identifies key global trends in the use of triangular co-operation using the latest available data. Chapter 3 examines the ecosystems that can support and strengthen the use of triangular co-operation. Chapter 4 discusses how triangular co-operation can contribute to addressing climate change and biodiversity loss, with a specific focus on small island developing states. Annex A profiles 16 countries and how they are engaging in triangular co-operation to share expertise and resources in support of sustainable development across a variety of sectors.