Abbreviations and acronyms

AFD

French Development Agency

Agence française de développement

AI

Artificial intelligence

API

Application programming interface

AUC

African Union Commission

A4AI

Alliance for Affordable Internet

BEPS

Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting

BMZ

Federal Ministry of Economic Co-operation and Development (Germany)

Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung

COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019

CRS

OECD Creditor Reporting System

CSO

Civil society organization

DAC

OECD Development Assistance Committee

DFI

Development finance institution

DGI

OECD Digital Government Index

DPG

Digital public good

DIAL

Digital Impact Alliance

DPD

EU Data Protection Directive

DPI

Digital public infrastructure

D4D

Digital for Development

EC

European Commission

EU

European Union

FCDO

Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (United Kingdom)

G7

Group of Seven

G20

Group of Twenty

GDP

Gross domestic product

GNI

Gross national income

GDPR

EU General Data Protection Regulation

ICT

Information and communication technology

ID4D

World Bank Identification for Development initiative

IEA

International Energy Agency

IFC

International Finance Corporation

ILO

International Labor Organization

INTERPOL

International Criminal Police Organization

ITU

International Telecommunication Union

JICA

Japan International Cooperation Agency

KOICA

Korea International Cooperation Agency

LAC

Latin America and Caribbean

LDC

Least developed country

LIC

Low-income country

MNE

Multinational enterprises

MIC

Middle-income country

MSME

Micro, small and medium-sized enterprise

NGO

Non-governmental organisation

ODA

Official development assistance

OECD

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

PAYG

Pay-as-you-go

PPP

Public-private partnership

SDG

Sustainable Development Goal

SME

Small and medium-sized enterprise

UN

United Nations

UNCTAD

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

UNECA

United Nations Economic Commission for Africa

UNICEF

United Nations Children's Fund

USAID

United States Agency for International Development

USD

United States dollar

VAT

Value-added tax

WHO

World Health Organization

WTO

World Trade Organization