Acronyms and abbreviations

5G

Fifth-generation mobile network

AAAA

Addis Ababa Action Agenda

ABS

Access and benefit sharing

AECID

Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation

AEO

Authorised Economic Operator

AFD

Agence française de développement

ALIDE

Latin American Association of Development Financing Institutions

APEP

Americas Partnership for Economic Prosperity

AUCI

Uruguayan Agency for International Cooperation (Agencia Uruguaya de Cooperación Internacional)

BAU

Business as usual

BIICC

Bond indexed to indicators of climate change

BIT

Bi-lateral investment treaty

BNDES

Brazilian Development Bank

BRI

Belt and Road Initiative (China’s)

C2F

Canadian Climate Fund for the Private Sector in the Americas

CAF

Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean (Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina y el Caribe)

CALAS

Centro Maria Sibylla Merian de Estudios Latinoamericanos Avanzados en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales

CAPEX

Capital expenditures

CACM

Central American Common Market

CAN

Andean Community of Nations

CASEIF IV

Central America Small Enterprise Investment Fund IV

Caricom

Caribbean Community

CECCA

Clean Energy Corridor of Central America

CEPLAN

Centro Nacional de Planeamiento Estratégico del Perú

CET

Common external tariff

CIF

Caribbean Investment Facility

CIT

Corporate income tax

CIV

Collective investment vehicles

CO2

Carbon dioxide

CoGs

Centres of government

CONAGEBIO

National commission for biodiversity management of Costa Rica (Comisión nacional para la gestión de la biodiversidad de Costa Rica)

COVID 19

Coronavirus

CPI

Consumer price index

CSO

Civil society organisation

D4D

Digital Development Hub (Europe)

DAC

Development assistance committee

DFC

International Development Finance Corporation (United States)

DFIs

Development finance institutions

DIC

Direct investment in companies

DNP

National Planning Department of Colombia (Departamento Nacional de Planeación de Colombia)

DPR

Diversified Payment Rights

EATR

Effective Average Tax Rate

ECA

Export Credit Agencies

ECLAC

United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

ECSC

European Coal and Steel Community

EFAD

European Financial Architecture for Development

EFSD

European Fund for Sustainable Development

EMBL-EBI

European Bioinformatics Institute

EIB

European Investment Bank

EMBI

Emerging Market Bond Index (J.P. Morgan)

ESG

Environmental, social and governance

ETR

Effective tax rate

EU

European Union

FDI

Foreign direct investment

fintech

Financial technology

G20

Group of Twenty

GBP

Green Bond Principles

GCF

Gross capital formation

GDP

Gross domestic product

GFCF

Gross fixed capital formation

GGIA

Global Gateway Investment Agenda (European Union)

GHG

Greenhouse gases

GNI

Gross national income

GSSS

Green, social, sustainability and sustainability-linked

HEI

Higher education institutions

ICMA

International Capital Market Association

ICT

Information and communication technologies

ICTCR

Costa Rican Tourism Board (Instituto Costarricense de Turismo de Costa Rica)

IDB

Inter-American Development Bank

IFAD

International Fund for Agricultural Development

IFC

International Finance Corporation

IFI

International finance institutions

IIF

Institute of International Finance

IIT

International investment treaties

ILO

International Labour Organization

IMF

International Monetary Fund

INEGI

National Institute of Statistics and Geography of Mexico (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía de México)

IPA

Investment promotion agencies

IPO

Initial public offering

IRENA

International Renewable Energy Agency

ISCED

International Standard Classification of Education

ISCO

International Standard Classification of Occupations

ISDS

Investor-State dispute settlement

ISIC

International Standard Industrial Classification

KPI

Key performance indicators

LAC

Latin America and the Caribbean

LACIF

Latin America and Caribbean Investment Facility

LAIF

Latin America Investment Facility

LCRs

Local content requirements

LDC

Least-developed countries

Mbps

Megabytes per second

MCIT

Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism of Colombia (Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo de Colombia)

MDBs

Multilateral development banks

MECON

Ministry of Economy of Argentina (Ministerio de Economía de Argentina)

ME

Ministry of Energy of Chile (Ministerio de Energía de Chile)

MEB

Ministry of Economy of Brazil (Ministério da Economia do Brasil)

MEF

Ministry of Economy and Finance of Uruguay

MEPyD

Ministry of Economy, Planning and Development of the Dominican Republic (Ministerio de Economía, Planificación y Desarrollo de la República Dominicana)

Mercosur

Common Market of the South (Mercado Común del Sur)

mHRDD

Mandatory human rights due diligence

MIDEPLAN

Ministry of National Planning and Economic Policy of Costa Rica (Ministerio de Planificación Nacional y Política Económica de Costa Rica)

MIEM

Ministry of Industry, Energy and Mining of Uruguay

MINAE

Ministry of Environment and Energy of Costa Rica (Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía de Costa Rica)

MLG

Multi-level governance

MPDB

Ministry of Development Planning of Bolivia (Ministerio de Planificación del Desarrollo de Bolivia)

MRREE

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Uruguay

MSMEs

Micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises

Mt

Metric tonnes

MtCO2

Metric tonnes of carbon dioxide

NAFTA

North America Free Trade Agreement

NCPs

National contact points

NCREs

Non-conventional renewable energies

NDBs

National development banks

NDCs

Nationally Determined Contributions

NDICI

Neighbourhood, Development, and International Co-operation Instrument

NDP

National development plan

NGO

Non-governmental organisation

NPIS

National public investment systems

NTBs

Non-tariff barriers

OAS

Organization of American States

ODA

Official development assistance

OECD

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

PFI

OECD Policy Framework for Investment

PIT

Personal income tax

PNP

Private non-profit organisations

PPI

Private Participation in Infrastructure (World Bank)

PPP

Public-private partnerships

PREUM

Presidency of the Republic of the United Mexican States (Presidencia de la República de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos)

QII

Quality infrastructure investment

R&D

Research and development

RBC

Responsible business conduct

REIF

Renewable Energy Innovation Fund (Uruguay)

RELAC

Renewable Energy for Latin America and the Caribbean

SBG

Sustainability Bond Guidelines

SBP

Social Bond Principles

SDBs

Subnational development banks

SDGs

Sustainable Development Goals (United Nations)

SICA

Central American Integration System

SLBs

Sustainability-Linked Bonds

SLBP

Sustainability-Linked Bond Principles

SMEs

Small- and medium-sized enterprises

SNA

System of national accounts

SNPE

National Planning Secretariat of Ecuador (Secretaría Nacional de Planificación del Ecuador)

SOP

Second-party option

SPPPG

Planning and Programming Secretariat of the Presidency of Guatemala (Secretaría de Planificación y Programación de la Presidencia de Guatemala)

SPTs

Sustainability performance targets

SPV

Special purpose vehicles

STI

Science, technology and innovation

STPP

Technical Secretariat for Economic and Social Development Planning of Paraguay (Secretaría Técnica de Planificación del Desarrollo Económico y Social del Paraguay)

STR

Statutory tax rate

STT

Standard tax treatment

TFA

Trade Facilitation Agreement (World Trade Organization)

TFP

Total factor productivity

TIP

Treaty with investment provisions

UN

United Nations

UNAM

National Autonomous University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)

UNASUR

Union of South American Nations

UPME

Mining Energy Planning Unit of Colombia (Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética de Colombia)

USA

United States of America

USD

United States dollar

USMCA

United States, Mexico and Canada Agreement

VAT

Value-added tax

VET

Vocational education and training

VIX

Volatility Index

WTO

World Trade Organization