4. Tax levels and tax structures, 1990-2021
In all of the following tables a (..) indicates not available. The main series in this volume cover the years 1990 to 2021.
Figures referring to 1991-99, 2001-04, 2006-09, 2011-14 and 2016 in Tables 4.1 to 4.2 and Tables 4.15 to 4.17, figures relating to 1991-99, 2001-09 and 2011-19 in Tables 4.5 to 4.10 and figures relating to 1990-94, 1996-99 and 2001-20 in Tables 4.11 to 4.13 have been omitted because of lack of space. Complete series are, however, available on line at www.latameconomy.org and in the database OECD (2023), “Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean: Comparative tables”, OECD Tax Statistics, https://doi.org/10.1787/data-00641-en.
Table 4.1. Total tax revenue as % of GDP, 1990-2021 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2007 | 2010 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | .. | 12.0 | 21.5 | 21.3 | 19.6 | 19.6 | 19.0 | 18.0 | 19.8 | 20.1 |
Argentina | 13.3 | 19.2 | 26.4 | 29.1 | 30.7 | 30.0 | 28.5 | 28.5 | 29.8 | 29.1 |
Bahamas1 | 9.7 | 12.2 | 13.1 | 12.7 | 16.4 | 17.3 | 16.9 | 18.8 | 18.3 | 18.6 |
Barbados | 25.3 | 30.9 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 31.1 | 32.8 | 33.4 | 33.5 | 33.0 | 31.9 |
Belize | 16.2 | 14.3 | 19.2 | 21.3 | 22.3 | 23.1 | 24.4 | 23.9 | 18.5 | 23.5 |
Bolivia | 6.5 | 17.6 | 19.8 | 22.9 | 27.9 | 25.9 | 25.0 | 24.7 | 22.2 | 22.6 |
Brazil | 27.8 | 29.4 | 32.8 | 31.7 | 31.6 | 31.7 | 32.0 | 31.9 | 31.0 | 33.5 |
Chile | 16.8 | 18.7 | 22.8 | 19.7 | 20.2 | 20.2 | 21.3 | 21.0 | 19.4 | 22.2 |
Colombia | 11.3 | 15.7 | 19.3 | 18.1 | 19.1 | 19.0 | 19.3 | 19.7 | 18.8 | 19.5 |
Costa Rica | 22.4 | 21.1 | 23.1 | 22.1 | 23.5 | 23.0 | 23.2 | 23.4 | 22.7 | 24.2 |
Cuba2 | 31.9 | 37.2 | 44.0 | 37.2 | 41.1 | 42.4 | 42.3 | 42.1 | 37.5 | 17.7 |
Dominican Republic | 8.3 | 12.1 | 14.9 | 12.2 | 13.0 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 12.5 | 14.5 |
Ecuador1 | 7.1 | 11.6 | 15.1 | 16.8 | 19.9 | 20.2 | 21.1 | 19.9 | 18.7 | 19.4 |
El Salvador | 11.3 | 14.2 | 18.8 | 18.7 | 20.5 | 20.9 | 21.3 | 20.9 | 22.0 | 23.3 |
Guatemala | 7.9 | 11.7 | 14.0 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.0 | 12.4 | 14.2 |
Guyana | 15.2 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 16.0 | 18.4 | 19.5 | 22.2 | 23.2 | 21.3 | 16.8 |
Honduras | 12.4 | 17.2 | 19.8 | 18.2 | 22.2 | 21.7 | 21.9 | 21.5 | 19.2 | 21.2 |
Jamaica | 20.3 | 22.2 | 24.8 | 24.9 | 26.5 | 27.3 | 27.7 | 28.6 | 27.7 | 27.9 |
Mexico | 12.1 | 11.5 | 12.0 | 12.8 | 16.6 | 16.1 | 16.1 | 16.3 | 17.8 | 16.7 |
Nicaragua1 | .. | 14.3 | 18.8 | 19.3 | 23.3 | 23.8 | 23.2 | 25.7 | 25.4 | 27.1 |
Panama1 | 16.6 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 16.4 | 15.5 | 15.1 | 14.8 | 14.0 | 13.4 | 12.7 |
Paraguay | 8.5 | 11.6 | 10.8 | 12.1 | 13.4 | 14.0 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 14.0 |
Peru | 12.0 | 15.2 | 18.5 | 17.8 | 16.1 | 15.2 | 16.3 | 16.5 | 15.2 | 17.9 |
Saint Lucia1 | .. | 19.7 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 21.3 | 20.4 | 20.7 | 20.9 | 21.9 | 21.8 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 23.3 | 21.9 | 27.8 | 28.7 | 22.3 | 20.1 | 23.0 | 23.8 | 21.0 | 22.0 |
Uruguay1 | 18.4 | 21.4 | 23.6 | 24.3 | 25.6 | 26.9 | 27.0 | 26.6 | 26.7 | 26.5 |
Venezuela3 | 21.2 | 13.5 | 17.0 | 11.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC4 | 14.7 | 17.1 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 21.2 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 21.7 | 20.9 | 21.7 |
OECD5 | 30.8 | 32.9 | 32.8 | 31.5 | 33.6 | 33.3 | 33.5 | 33.4 | 33.6 | 34.1 |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2021), Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2020 and 2021), Panama (local tax revenues for 2021), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2021). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||||||
← 2. Figures in 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 3. Some tax revenue data are not available between 2014 and 2017 and therefore total figures have not been included. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 4. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 5. Calculated by applying the unweighted average percentage change for 2021 in the 36 countries providing data for that year to the overall average tax to GDP ratio in 2020. | ||||||||||
Table 4.2. Total tax revenue in millions of USD at market exchange rates, 1990-2021 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2007 | 2010 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | .. | 99 | 283 | 244 | 281 | 287 | 305 | 305 | 271 | 295 |
Argentina | 20 952 | 61 084 | 75 919 | 123 456 | 170 777 | 193 442 | 149 532 | 127 342 | 114 585 | 141 542 |
Bahamas1 | 505 | 965 | 1 360 | 1 277 | 1 940 | 2 118 | 2 120 | 2 486 | 2 076 | 1 832 |
Barbados | 513 | 946 | 1 412 | 1 368 | 1 513 | 1 640 | 1 717 | 1 721 | 1 491 | 1 621 |
Belize | 89 | 159 | 326 | 370 | 503 | 527 | 565 | 577 | 385 | 586 |
Bolivia | 317 | 1 478 | 2 620 | 4 527 | 9 547 | 9 777 | 10 136 | 10 173 | 8 176 | 9 213 |
Brazil | 133 077 | 192 661 | 458 128 | 700 962 | 568 014 | 654 756 | 613 141 | 598 165 | 449 506 | 537 918 |
Chile | 5 829 | 14 650 | 39 444 | 42 836 | 50 448 | 55 902 | 62 806 | 58 332 | 49 029 | 70 268 |
Colombia | 5 136 | 14 657 | 39 802 | 51 824 | 53 964 | 59 207 | 64 358 | 63 721 | 50 780 | 61 288 |
Costa Rica | 1 285 | 3 182 | 6 213 | 8 397 | 13 841 | 13 903 | 14 449 | 15 086 | 14 086 | 15 571 |
Cuba2 | 6 870 | 11 367 | 25 787 | 23 949 | 37 597 | 41 021 | 42 307 | 43 504 | 40 263 | 33 264 |
Dominican Republic | 664 | 2 951 | 6 572 | 6 600 | 9 843 | 10 509 | 11 237 | 11 935 | 9 854 | 13 683 |
Ecuador1 | 1 078 | 2 125 | 7 698 | 11 693 | 19 854 | 21 036 | 22 656 | 21 500 | 18 543 | 20 647 |
El Salvador | 543 | 1 669 | 3 192 | 3 447 | 4 963 | 5 231 | 5 539 | 5 629 | 5 403 | 6 695 |
Guatemala | 590 | 2 129 | 4 782 | 5 153 | 8 734 | 9 481 | 9 643 | 10 018 | 9 652 | 12 166 |
Guyana | 104 | 234 | 425 | 549 | 825 | 927 | 1 061 | 1 200 | 1 168 | 1 354 |
Honduras | 515 | 1 233 | 2 443 | 2 887 | 4 827 | 5 009 | 5 274 | 5 386 | 4 574 | 6 040 |
Jamaica | 1 027 | 1 998 | 3 192 | 3 286 | 3 744 | 4 026 | 4 338 | 4 514 | 3 842 | 4 118 |
Mexico | 35 908 | 81 160 | 126 466 | 135 866 | 179 484 | 186 897 | 198 032 | 207 926 | 193 857 | 216 447 |
Nicaragua1 | .. | 733 | 1 399 | 1 693 | 3 092 | 3 288 | 3 025 | 3 244 | 3 202 | 3 797 |
Panama1 | 948 | 1 942 | 3 298 | 4 815 | 9 004 | 9 366 | 9 631 | 9 382 | 7 240 | 8 106 |
Paraguay | 494 | 1 029 | 1 921 | 3 286 | 4 844 | 5 469 | 5 575 | 5 289 | 4 791 | 5 511 |
Peru | 3 389 | 7 674 | 18 919 | 26 478 | 31 414 | 32 822 | 37 067 | 38 355 | 31 301 | 40 537 |
Saint Lucia1 | .. | 178 | 283 | 307 | 404 | 410 | 429 | 437 | 342 | 384 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 1 158 | 1 746 | 5 893 | 6 261 | 5 188 | 4 617 | 5 449 | 5 686 | 4 630 | 5 142 |
Uruguay1 | 2 051 | 5 307 | 6 026 | 10 627 | 14 652 | 17 299 | 17 338 | 16 214 | 14 326 | 15 719 |
Venezuela3 | 10 259 | 12 758 | 39 055 | 38 220 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2021), Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2020 and 2021), Panama (local tax revenues for 2021), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2021). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||||||
← 2. Figures in 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 3. Some tax revenue data are not available between 2014 and 2017 and therefore total figures have not been included. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
Table 4.3. Tax revenue of main headings as % of GDP, 2021 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1000 Income & profits | 2000 Social security | 3000 Payroll | 4000 Property | 5000 Goods and services | 6000 Others | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 12.3 | 0.0 |
Argentina | 5.1 | 5.2 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 15.6 | 0.2 |
Bahamas1 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 14.3 | 0.0 |
Barbados | 8.8 | 5.8 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 15.0 | 0.0 |
Belize | 5.1 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 15.0 | 0.0 |
Bolivia | 2.7 | 6.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 11.5 | 2.1 |
Brazil | 8.0 | 8.0 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 15.0 | 0.3 |
Chile | 8.5 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 11.8 | -0.3 |
Colombia | 6.2 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 8.4 | 0.9 |
Costa Rica | 5.2 | 8.1 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 8.7 | 0.4 |
Cuba | 8.2 | 4.4 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 2.1 |
Dominican Republic | 4.9 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 8.6 | 0.0 |
Ecuador1 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 9.9 | 0.0 |
El Salvador | 7.9 | 2.7 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 12.1 | 0.3 |
Guatemala | 3.5 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 7.3 | 0.8 |
Guyana | 7.4 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 7.4 | 0.1 |
Honduras | 5.1 | 3.5 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 11.1 | 0.7 |
Jamaica | 7.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 16.5 | 0.1 |
Mexico | 7.3 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 6.2 | 0.3 |
Nicaragua1 | 8.3 | 6.5 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 11.9 | 0.2 |
Panama1 | 3.1 | 5.6 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 3.5 | 0.0 |
Paraguay | 2.6 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 7.3 | 0.1 |
Peru | 6.7 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 8.5 | 0.5 |
Saint Lucia1 | 4.8 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 13.9 | 0.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 10.9 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 8.1 | 0.0 |
Uruguay1 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 0.2 |
Venezuela2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||
LAC3 | 5.7 | 3.7 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 10.8 | 0.3 |
OECD4 | 11.3 | 9.2 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 10.6 | 0.2 |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||
← 1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2021), Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2020 and 2021), Panama (local tax revenues for 2021), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2021). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||
← 2. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. Data for 2020 are used as data for 2021 were not available at the time of publication. | ||||||
Table 4.4. Tax revenue of main headings as % of total tax revenue, 2021 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1000 Income & profits | 2000 Social security | 3000 Payroll | 4000 Property | 5000 Goods and services | 6000 Others | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | 10.5 | 16.4 | 0.0 | 11.6 | 61.5 | 0.0 |
Argentina | 17.5 | 17.8 | 0.0 | 10.5 | 53.6 | 0.6 |
Bahamas1 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 0.0 | 11.1 | 76.9 | 0.0 |
Barbados | 27.7 | 18.4 | 0.0 | 6.7 | 47.2 | 0.0 |
Belize | 21.7 | 10.0 | 0.0 | 4.6 | 63.7 | 0.0 |
Bolivia | 12.1 | 26.6 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 50.9 | 9.2 |
Brazil | 24.0 | 23.9 | 1.6 | 4.8 | 44.7 | 1.0 |
Chile | 38.3 | 5.3 | 0.0 | 4.8 | 53.1 | -1.5 |
Colombia | 31.9 | 10.0 | 1.7 | 8.7 | 43.3 | 4.4 |
Costa Rica | 21.4 | 33.2 | 5.8 | 2.0 | 36.0 | 1.6 |
Cuba | 46.2 | 25.0 | 6.2 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 11.7 |
Dominican Republic | 33.7 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 5.9 | 59.5 | 0.0 |
Ecuador1 | 21.5 | 25.7 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 50.9 | 0.1 |
El Salvador | 33.7 | 11.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 52.1 | 1.3 |
Guatemala | 24.7 | 15.2 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 51.7 | 5.7 |
Guyana | 43.9 | 9.5 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 43.9 | 0.7 |
Honduras | 24.3 | 16.5 | 0.7 | 2.8 | 52.3 | 3.3 |
Jamaica | 27.1 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 2.9 | 59.3 | 0.3 |
Mexico | 43.5 | 14.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 37.3 | 1.8 |
Nicaragua1 | 30.5 | 24.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 43.9 | 0.8 |
Panama1 | 24.7 | 44.0 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 27.4 | 0.3 |
Paraguay | 18.5 | 27.4 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 52.1 | 0.7 |
Peru | 37.6 | 10.4 | 0.1 | 2.1 | 47.3 | 2.5 |
Saint Lucia1 | 22.1 | 11.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 63.9 | 0.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 49.5 | 13.0 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 36.7 | 0.0 |
Uruguay1 | 26.1 | 24.2 | 0.0 | 7.7 | 41.5 | 0.6 |
Venezuela2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||
LAC3 | 26.7 | 17.0 | 0.8 | 4.1 | 50.0 | 1.3 |
OECD4 | 33.7 | 26.6 | 1.4 | 5.7 | 32.1 | 0.5 |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||
← 1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2021), Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2020 and 2021), Panama (local tax revenues for 2021), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2021). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||
← 2. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. Data for 2020 are used as data for 2021 were not available at the time of publication. | ||||||
Table 4.5. Taxes on income and profits (1000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | 1.7 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.1 | .. | 14.0 | 14.0 | 11.9 | 10.5 |
Argentina | 0.7 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 18.5 | 16.2 | 18.2 | 17.5 |
Bahamas | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Barbados | 6.1 | 9.8 | 8.4 | 10.8 | 8.8 | 24.3 | 31.7 | 28.0 | 32.7 | 27.7 |
Belize | 3.4 | 3.4 | 7.1 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 20.9 | 23.9 | 33.6 | 23.9 | 21.7 |
Bolivia | 0.4 | 2.3 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 6.7 | 13.2 | 20.0 | 13.2 | 12.1 |
Brazil | 5.1 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 18.3 | 19.5 | 21.0 | 22.7 | 24.0 |
Chile | 3.9 | 4.4 | 7.5 | 6.3 | 8.5 | 23.2 | 23.3 | 38.1 | 32.3 | 38.3 |
Colombia | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 29.9 | 23.2 | 26.6 | 32.9 | 31.9 |
Costa Rica | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 10.0 | 13.2 | 17.1 | 20.1 | 21.4 |
Cuba1 | 0.1 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 10.6 | 8.2 | 0.2 | 16.1 | 15.0 | 28.3 | 46.2 |
Dominican Republic | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 4.9 | 25.7 | 22.0 | 21.7 | 33.6 | 33.7 |
Ecuador | 0.9 | 1.5 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 12.9 | 12.6 | 25.0 | 24.3 | 21.5 |
El Salvador | 2.0 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 17.6 | 25.7 | 28.9 | 36.2 | 33.7 |
Guatemala | 1.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.5 | 19.2 | 19.9 | 18.6 | 22.5 | 24.7 |
Guyana | 5.1 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 9.3 | 7.4 | 33.5 | 37.8 | 35.4 | 43.4 | 43.9 |
Honduras | 2.5 | 2.7 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 20.3 | 15.9 | 24.3 | 22.8 | 24.3 |
Jamaica | 9.5 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 47.0 | 40.4 | 36.9 | 28.6 | 27.1 |
Mexico | 4.1 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 34.0 | 36.0 | 39.8 | 42.6 | 43.5 |
Nicaragua | .. | 1.8 | 4.5 | 7.5 | 8.3 | .. | 12.3 | 23.1 | 29.5 | 30.5 |
Panama | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 22.9 | 25.0 | 27.4 | 26.0 | 24.7 |
Paraguay | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 12.1 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 18.5 | 18.5 |
Peru | 0.7 | 2.9 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 19.0 | 36.5 | 36.7 | 37.6 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.8 | .. | 28.6 | 27.1 | 24.7 | 22.1 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 12.3 | 12.4 | 19.6 | 10.3 | 10.9 | 52.7 | 56.8 | 68.5 | 49.1 | 49.5 |
Uruguay | 0.9 | 2.9 | 4.9 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 4.7 | 13.6 | 20.0 | 26.6 | 26.1 |
Venezuela2 | 17.7 | 5.8 | 3.6 | .. | .. | 83.7 | 43.2 | 30.7 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC3 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 20.3 | 22.4 | 26.4 | 26.9 | 26.7 |
OECD4 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 10.2 | 11.3 | .. | 36.2 | 33.9 | 32.2 | 33.7 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Figures in 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. | ||||||||||
Table 4.6. Social security contributions (2000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda1 | .. | .. | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.3 | .. | .. | 12.6 | 16.7 | 16.4 |
Argentina | 3.4 | 3.0 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 25.3 | 15.8 | 21.2 | 19.1 | 17.8 |
Bahamas1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 13.2 | 11.9 | 13.1 | 10.9 | 12.0 |
Barbados | 3.3 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 13.1 | 15.6 | 20.6 | 19.9 | 18.4 |
Belize | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 8.2 | 14.3 | 10.0 |
Bolivia | 0.0 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 0.0 | 7.3 | 16.7 | 29.4 | 26.6 |
Brazil | 6.8 | 7.0 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 24.3 | 23.7 | 25.7 | 26.3 | 23.9 |
Chile | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 9.0 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 5.3 |
Colombia | 0.9 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 7.9 | 16.3 | 11.7 | 9.9 | 10.0 |
Costa Rica | 6.5 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 28.9 | 30.4 | 33.1 | 36.1 | 33.2 |
Cuba2 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 6.0 | 4.4 | 11.0 | 10.4 | 12.4 | 16.0 | 25.0 |
Dominican Republic | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Ecuador | 1.6 | 1.2 | 3.7 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 22.5 | 10.7 | 21.7 | 27.4 | 25.7 |
El Salvador | 2.2 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 19.2 | 19.5 | 13.6 | 13.0 | 11.5 |
Guatemala | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 16.5 | 15.5 | 15.2 | 17.1 | 15.2 |
Guyana | 0.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 3.7 | 11.4 | 9.0 | 10.1 | 9.5 |
Honduras | 1.0 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 8.5 | 9.4 | 15.9 | 20.6 | 16.5 |
Jamaica | .. | .. | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.4 | .. | .. | 2.9 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
Mexico | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 16.8 | 18.0 | 16.2 | 13.9 | 14.0 |
Nicaragua | .. | 2.6 | 4.3 | 6.7 | 6.5 | .. | 18.0 | 22.4 | 26.4 | 24.0 |
Panama | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 34.2 | 38.2 | 34.0 | 44.5 | 44.0 |
Paraguay | 0.4 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 25.6 | 22.7 | 27.6 | 27.4 |
Peru | 0.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 7.8 | 11.9 | 10.6 | 13.4 | 10.4 |
Saint Lucia1 | .. | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 2.4 | .. | 10.0 | 11.1 | 12.8 | 11.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 15.0 | 13.0 |
Uruguay3 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 29.9 | 27.5 | 23.4 | 25.0 | 24.2 |
Venezuela4 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.0 | .. | .. | 4.9 | 5.4 | 8.1 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC5 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 14.1 | 15.5 | 15.8 | 18.5 | 17.0 |
OECD6 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 9.2 | .. | 21.8 | 24.9 | 26.6 | 26.6 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Revenues from social security contributions are estimated in the following countries: Antigua and Barbuda (2019-2021), Bahamas (2021) and Saint Lucia (2021). | ||||||||||
← 2. Figures in 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 3. Figures for 1990-98 are estimated by the Direction General of Taxes as the methodology they use to calculate social security contributions was not employed until 1999. | ||||||||||
← 4. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 5. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 6. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. | ||||||||||
Table 4.7. Taxes on payroll (3000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Argentina | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Bahamas | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Barbados | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Belize | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Bolivia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Brazil | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
Chile | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Colombia | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 2.0 | 1.7 |
Costa Rica | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 5.8 |
Cuba1 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 6.9 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 8.5 | 18.4 | 4.0 | 6.2 |
Dominican Republic | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
Ecuador | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
El Salvador | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
Guatemala | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
Guyana | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Honduras | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
Jamaica | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 5.2 |
Mexico | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 1.6 |
Nicaragua | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Panama | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
Paraguay | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Peru | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Uruguay | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Venezuela2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
OECD4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | .. | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.4 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Figures in 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. | ||||||||||
Table 4.8. Taxes on property (4000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | 0.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.3 | .. | 4.9 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 11.6 |
Argentina | 1.5 | 1.2 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 11.4 | 6.3 | 9.0 | 10.9 | 10.5 |
Bahamas | 1.1 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 11.2 | 21.6 | 21.1 | 8.4 | 11.1 |
Barbados | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 14.4 | 5.7 | 4.8 | 6.3 | 6.7 |
Belize | 3.1 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 19.2 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.6 |
Bolivia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 1.2 |
Brazil | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.8 |
Chile | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 4.8 |
Colombia | 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 6.6 | 8.7 | 9.7 | 8.7 |
Costa Rica | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Cuba | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Dominican Republic | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 5.9 |
Ecuador | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
El Salvador | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 4.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
Guatemala | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 5.6 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Guyana | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
Honduras | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.8 |
Jamaica | 2.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 12.5 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.9 |
Mexico | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
Nicaragua | .. | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
Panama | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 3.4 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 1.7 | 2.2 |
Paraguay | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
Peru | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 13.6 | 1.2 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | .. | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 3.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Uruguay | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 7.8 | 7.7 |
Venezuela1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.0 | .. | .. | 0.3 | 3.7 | 0.2 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC2 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 6.0 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 4.1 |
OECD3 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.9 | .. | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.7 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 2. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. | ||||||||||
Table 4.9. Taxes on goods and services (5000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | 9.7 | 14.0 | 12.6 | 12.3 | .. | 81.1 | 65.9 | 63.8 | 61.5 |
Argentina | 7.3 | 10.9 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.6 | 55.2 | 56.5 | 52.4 | 51.1 | 53.6 |
Bahamas | 7.4 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 14.8 | 14.3 | 76.4 | 64.3 | 61.1 | 80.7 | 76.9 |
Barbados | 12.2 | 14.5 | 14.0 | 13.5 | 15.0 | 48.2 | 47.0 | 46.6 | 41.0 | 47.2 |
Belize | 8.8 | 9.4 | 11.8 | 10.8 | 15.0 | 54.1 | 66.1 | 55.2 | 58.4 | 63.7 |
Bolivia | 5.9 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 10.2 | 11.5 | 90.2 | 72.7 | 56.4 | 46.1 | 50.9 |
Brazil | 13.5 | 14.1 | 15.0 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 48.7 | 48.0 | 47.2 | 45.3 | 44.7 |
Chile | 10.6 | 11.9 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 11.8 | 62.9 | 63.8 | 51.2 | 54.8 | 53.1 |
Colombia | 6.1 | 7.3 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 53.8 | 46.3 | 45.1 | 41.4 | 43.3 |
Costa Rica | 10.2 | 9.9 | 8.9 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 45.5 | 46.7 | 40.3 | 33.3 | 36.0 |
Cuba1 | 27.7 | 22.0 | 19.1 | 17.4 | 1.9 | 86.9 | 59.2 | 51.3 | 46.4 | 11.0 |
Dominican Republic | 5.8 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 7.6 | 8.6 | 69.9 | 74.7 | 71.9 | 61.0 | 59.5 |
Ecuador | 4.5 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 9.9 | 63.0 | 75.7 | 51.9 | 46.4 | 50.9 |
El Salvador | 5.4 | 7.7 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 12.1 | 47.7 | 54.1 | 54.5 | 47.8 | 52.1 |
Guatemala | 4.6 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 58.7 | 62.4 | 56.0 | 51.0 | 51.7 |
Guyana | 6.4 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 9.4 | 7.4 | 42.0 | 48.6 | 53.0 | 43.8 | 43.9 |
Honduras | 8.2 | 11.7 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 11.1 | 66.2 | 68.0 | 53.1 | 49.4 | 52.3 |
Jamaica | 7.4 | 11.1 | 13.0 | 16.0 | 16.5 | 36.4 | 50.1 | 52.1 | 57.9 | 59.3 |
Mexico | 5.3 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 6.6 | 6.2 | 44.0 | 41.7 | 38.0 | 37.2 | 37.3 |
Nicaragua | .. | 8.6 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 11.9 | .. | 60.0 | 52.4 | 42.3 | 43.9 |
Panama | 6.1 | 4.9 | 5.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 36.8 | 31.3 | 33.7 | 26.1 | 27.4 |
Paraguay | 6.1 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 72.1 | 58.0 | 60.5 | 52.2 | 52.1 |
Peru | 8.5 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 7.1 | 8.5 | 71.4 | 60.8 | 48.6 | 46.8 | 47.3 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 11.6 | 12.1 | 13.2 | 13.9 | .. | 59.1 | 59.5 | 60.2 | 63.9 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 9.7 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 8.1 | 41.7 | 35.2 | 24.3 | 35.1 | 36.7 |
Uruguay | 10.4 | 10.7 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 56.6 | 50.1 | 47.1 | 40.0 | 41.5 |
Venezuela2 | 2.4 | 6.4 | 7.2 | .. | .. | 11.1 | 47.7 | 61.1 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC3 | 7.7 | 9.4 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 56.4 | 56.9 | 51.1 | 48.5 | 50.0 |
OECD4 | 9.9 | 10.8 | 10.5 | 10.6 | .. | 33.7 | 33.9 | 34.0 | 32.1 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Figures in 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||
← 2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. | ||||||||||
Table 4.10. Value added taxes (5111) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of GDP | % of total tax revenue | |||||||||
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | .. | 5.8 | 5.6 | 6.1 | .. | .. | 27.2 | 28.2 | 30.3 |
Argentina | 2.1 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 15.6 | 31.1 | 24.1 | 23.5 | 24.1 |
Bahamas | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 42.2 | 40.4 |
Barbados | 0.0 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 8.7 | 0.0 | 26.0 | 28.1 | 23.7 | 27.3 |
Belize | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 26.9 | 25.6 | 27.9 |
Bolivia | 2.8 | 5.7 | 7.4 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 43.0 | 32.2 | 32.5 | 27.0 | 30.4 |
Brazil | 8.0 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 28.7 | 23.3 | 21.7 | 22.6 | 22.7 |
Chile | 6.3 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 37.4 | 41.8 | 38.5 | 41.1 | 42.7 |
Colombia | 2.6 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 22.6 | 27.6 | 29.3 | 28.7 | 30.5 |
Costa Rica | 4.1 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 18.1 | 22.8 | 21.0 | 19.7 | 21.1 |
Cuba | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Dominican Republic | 1.3 | 2.5 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 15.1 | 20.8 | 33.5 | 34.9 | 33.4 |
Ecuador | 2.0 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 28.0 | 43.5 | 32.1 | 29.1 | 31.9 |
El Salvador | 0.0 | 6.1 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 9.6 | 0.0 | 42.8 | 41.6 | 37.6 | 41.4 |
Guatemala | 2.3 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 28.8 | 37.9 | 40.9 | 38.6 | 39.3 |
Guyana | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 24.2 | 20.5 | 17.1 |
Honduras | 2.0 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 7.2 | 16.2 | 28.1 | 29.4 | 31.9 | 34.0 |
Jamaica | 0.8 | 5.7 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 3.8 | 25.5 | 28.7 | 31.9 | 31.6 |
Mexico | 3.2 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 26.1 | 24.7 | 29.4 | 23.8 | 25.7 |
Nicaragua | .. | 4.5 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 6.7 | .. | 31.5 | 28.6 | 22.7 | 24.7 |
Panama | 1.4 | 0.6 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 8.5 | 3.6 | 15.9 | 13.5 | 14.0 |
Paraguay | 0.0 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 0.0 | 32.1 | 38.3 | 36.3 | 36.6 |
Peru | 2.1 | 5.5 | 6.9 | 5.9 | 7.2 | 17.1 | 36.0 | 38.9 | 38.7 | 39.9 |
Saint Lucia | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.7 | 6.4 | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 26.1 | 29.6 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 4.4 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 18.8 | 17.3 | 15.2 | 21.4 | 23.9 |
Uruguay | 5.1 | 6.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 27.5 | 28.0 | 32.8 | 26.3 | 27.0 |
Venezuela1 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 5.5 | .. | .. | 0.0 | 30.2 | 46.7 | .. | .. |
Unweighted average | ||||||||||
LAC2 | 2.3 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 16.2 | 24.0 | 27.2 | 28.6 | 29.9 |
OECD3 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.7 | .. | 17.0 | 19.6 | 20.5 | 20.2 | .. |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||
← 1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. | ||||||||||
← 2. Represents the group of 25 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Cuba and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group. | ||||||||||
← 3. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. | ||||||||||
Table 4.11. Tax revenues of sub-sectors of general government as % of total tax revenue | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Central government | State or Regional government | Local government | Social Security Funds | |||||||||
1995 | 2000 | 2021 | 1995 | 2000 | 2021 | 1995 | 2000 | 2021 | 1995 | 2000 | 2021 | |
Federal countries | ||||||||||||
Argentina | 59.0 | 66.4 | 65.0 | 17.5 | 17.8 | 17.2 | .. | .. | .. | 23.4 | 15.8 | 17.8 |
Brazil | 44.8 | 47.9 | 44.9 | 26.5 | 25.0 | 25.1 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 6.1 | 25.0 | 23.7 | 23.9 |
Mexico | 73.9 | 78.3 | 81.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 21.8 | 18.0 | 14.0 |
Venezuela1 | 94.6 | 94.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.4 | 5.4 | .. |
Regional country | ||||||||||||
Colombia | 63.2 | 68.7 | 72.7 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 12.3 | 22.7 | 16.3 | 10.0 |
Unitary countries | ||||||||||||
Antigua and Barbuda2 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 83.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 16.4 |
Bahamas2 | 89.1 | 88.1 | 88.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10.9 | 11.9 | 12.0 |
Barbados | 85.6 | 84.4 | 81.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 14.4 | 15.6 | 18.4 |
Belize | 93.2 | 93.5 | 89.3 | .. | .. | .. | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 10.0 |
Bolivia | 94.3 | 86.4 | 68.9 | .. | .. | .. | 5.7 | 6.3 | 4.5 | .. | 7.3 | 26.6 |
Chile | 89.9 | 87.8 | 88.8 | .. | .. | .. | 6.5 | 7.9 | 6.9 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 4.3 |
Costa Rica | 65.5 | 63.3 | 59.0 | .. | .. | .. | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 33.0 | 34.8 | 38.2 |
Cuba3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.3 | 10.4 | 25.0 |
Dominican Republic | 99.3 | 99.0 | 99.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.4 |
Ecuador2 | 70.5 | 87.7 | 71.4 | .. | .. | .. | 4.0 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 25.5 | 10.7 | 25.7 |
El Salvador | 80.9 | 80.5 | 86.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.7 | 19.1 | 19.5 | 11.5 |
Guatemala | 83.6 | 83.6 | 83.9 | .. | .. | .. | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 15.8 | 15.5 | 15.2 |
Guyana | 92.6 | 88.6 | 90.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.0 | 7.4 | 11.4 | 9.5 |
Honduras | 86.1 | 85.3 | 80.1 | .. | .. | .. | 4.4 | 5.2 | 3.3 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 16.5 |
Jamaica | 100.0 | 99.3 | 93.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.7 | 1.5 | .. | .. | 5.1 |
Nicaragua2 | 80.4 | 72.5 | 70.3 | .. | .. | .. | 4.6 | 9.5 | 5.7 | 15.0 | 18.0 | 24.0 |
Panama2 | 67.2 | 59.6 | 54.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.2 | 1.8 | 32.8 | 38.2 | 44.0 |
Paraguay | 92.0 | 74.4 | 70.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.6 | 8.0 | 25.6 | 27.4 |
Peru | 88.7 | 86.5 | 87.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.6 | 2.2 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 10.4 |
Saint Lucia2 | 100.0 | 90.0 | 89.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10.0 | 11.0 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 96.8 | 93.6 | 87.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.2 | 6.4 | 13.0 |
Uruguay2 | 61.7 | 63.6 | 70.1 | .. | .. | .. | 8.8 | 8.9 | 5.7 | 29.5 | 27.5 | 24.2 |
Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-2012), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela as the data are not available. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries. | ||||||||||||
← 1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 and data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. The breakdown by sub-sectors of general government is not available for those years. | ||||||||||||
← 2. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-2021), Bahamas (social security contributions for 2021), Ecuador (local tax revenues for 2021), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2020 and 2021), Panama (local tax revenues for 2021), Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021) and Uruguay (local tax revenues for 2021). See the corresponding country tables for more information. | ||||||||||||
← 3. Figures in 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform. | ||||||||||||
Table 4.13. Main state government taxes as % of total tax revenues of state government, 2021 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1000 Income & profits | 2000 Social security | 3000 Payroll | 4000 Property | 5000 Goods and services | 6000 Others | |
Federal countries | ||||||
Argentina | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 16.1 | 82.0 | 1.9 |
Brazil | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 98.0 | 0.0 |
Mexico | 0.0 | 0.0 | 60.9 | 24.9 | 9.4 | 4.9 |
Venezuela | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Regional country | ||||||
Colombia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 72.1 | 27.9 |
Unitary countries | ||||||
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Bahamas | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Barbados | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Belize | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Bolivia | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Chile | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Costa Rica | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Cuba | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Dominican Republic | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Ecuador | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
El Salvador | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Guatemala | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Guyana | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Honduras | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Jamaica | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Nicaragua | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Panama | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Paraguay | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Peru | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Saint Lucia | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Trinidad and Tobago | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Uruguay | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Table 4.14. Main local government taxes as % of total tax revenues of local government, 2021 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1000 Income & profits | 2000 Social security | 3000 Payroll | 4000 Property | 5000 Goods and services | 6000 Others | |
Federal countries | ||||||
Argentina | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Brazil | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 42.1 | 55.1 | 2.8 |
Mexico | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 71.0 | 1.1 | 27.9 |
Venezuela | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Regional country | ||||||
Colombia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 32.0 | 45.3 | 22.7 |
Unitary countries | ||||||
Antigua and Barbuda | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Bahamas | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Barbados | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Belize | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Bolivia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Chile | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 44.8 | 55.2 | 0.0 |
Costa Rica | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 46.1 | 53.8 | 0.0 |
Cuba | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Dominican Republic | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Ecuador | 11.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 48.9 | 39.8 | 0.0 |
El Salvador | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.3 | 12.9 | 79.8 |
Guatemala | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Guyana | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Honduras | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Jamaica | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Nicaragua | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 14.8 | 71.5 | 13.7 |
Panama | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 |
Paraguay | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 49.8 | 44.9 | 5.3 |
Peru | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 87.7 | 10.7 | 1.5 |
Saint Lucia | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Trinidad and Tobago | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Uruguay | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 54.4 | 38.0 | 7.6 |
Table 4.15. Gross domestic product for tax reporting years at market prices, in millions of national currency | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2007 | 2010 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
Antigua and Barbuda | XCD | 1 241 | 2 231 | 3 544 | 3 101 | 3 879 | 3 964 | 4 336 | 4 556 | 3 700 | 3 972 |
Argentina | ARS | 77 060 | 317 759 | 896 980 | 1 661 721 | 8 228 160 | 10 660 228 | 14 744 811 | 21 558 444 | 27 195 699 | 46 282 066 |
Bahamas | BSD | 5 218 | 7 880 | 10 393 | 10 039 | 11 854 | 12 243 | 12 541 | 13 194 | 11 317 | 9 842 |
Barbados | BBD | 4 059 | 6 116 | 9 403 | 9 124 | 9 734 | 10 011 | 10 279 | 10 285 | 9 037 | 10 173 |
Belize | BZD | 1 099 | 2 232 | 3 392 | 3 477 | 4 517 | 4 572 | 4 630 | 4 833 | 4 160 | 4 983 |
Bolivia | BOB | 15 443 | 51 928 | 103 009 | 137 876 | 234 533 | 259 185 | 278 388 | 282 587 | 253 112 | 279 221 |
Brazil | BRL | 12 | 1 199 092 | 2 720 263 | 3 885 847 | 6 269 328 | 6 585 479 | 7 004 141 | 7 389 131 | 7 467 616 | 8 679 490 |
Chile | CLP | 10 594 796 | 42 215 030 | 90 159 480 | 110 777 870 | 168 764 690 | 179 314 910 | 189 434 870 | 195 816 480 | 200 343 720 | 240 633 270 |
Colombia | COP | 22 731 433 | 195 108 574 | 428 506 000 | 544 060 000 | 863 782 000 | 920 471 000 | 987 791 000 | 1 060 068 000 | 998 719 000 | 1 176 694 300 |
Costa Rica | CRC | 525 310 | 4 627 051 | 13 889 053 | 19 802 011 | 32 056 288 | 34 343 647 | 36 014 719 | 37 832 150 | 36 356 271 | 39 905 554 |
Cuba | CUP | 19 645 | 30 565 | 58 604 | 64 328 | 91 370 | 96 851 | 100 050 | 103 428 | 107 352 | 545 218 |
Dominican Republic | DOP | 77 344 | 393 303 | 1 458 417 | 1 983 202 | 3 487 293 | 3 802 656 | 4 235 847 | 4 562 235 | 4 456 657 | 5 392 714 |
Ecuador | USD | 15 232 | 18 319 | 51 008 | 69 555 | 99 938 | 104 296 | 107 562 | 108 108 | 99 291 | 106 166 |
El Salvador | USD | 4 818 | 11 785 | 17 012 | 18 448 | 24 191 | 24 979 | 26 021 | 26 881 | 24 563 | 28 737 |
Guatemala | GTQ | 33 613 | 140 702 | 261 760 | 333 093 | 502 002 | 526 507 | 551 368 | 593 958 | 599 401 | 665 048 |
Guyana | GYD | 34 523 | 273 054 | 552 603 | 699 064 | 925 677 | 980 498 | 994 472 | 1 078 729 | 1 140 757 | 1 677 278 |
Honduras | HNL | 17 141 | 106 654 | 233 567 | 299 286 | 495 922 | 543 403 | 575 285 | 614 918 | 585 734 | 684 204 |
Jamaica | JMD | 38 145 | 395 009 | 885 632 | 1 152 780 | 1 760 975 | 1 895 025 | 2 027 251 | 2 110 433 | 1 966 928 | 2 210 219 |
Mexico | MXN | 843 623 | 6 693 683 | 11 504 076 | 13 366 377 | 20 129 057 | 21 934 168 | 23 524 390 | 24 453 296 | 23 357 378 | 26 212 981 |
Nicaragua | NIO | 519 | 64 812 | 136 950 | 187 053 | 380 261 | 414 279 | 410 988 | 417 223 | 432 263 | 492 852 |
Panama | PAB | 5 723 | 12 502 | 21 296 | 29 440 | 57 908 | 62 203 | 64 929 | 66 984 | 53 977 | 63 605 |
Paraguay | PYG | 7 147 738 | 30 874 088 | 89 866 049 | 129 092 883 | 204 647 273 | 219 122 277 | 230 576 477 | 236 681 497 | 239 914 729 | 267 548 479 |
Peru | PEN | 5 322 | 175 862 | 319 693 | 420 777 | 659 803 | 703 309 | 745 503 | 775 328 | 719 455 | 876 686 |
Saint Lucia | XCD | 1 556 | 2 442 | 3 658 | 4 060 | 5 125 | 5 432 | 5 579 | 5 654 | 4 212 | 4 756 |
Trinidad and Tobago | TTD | 21 105 | 50 098 | 133 468 | 138 557 | 152 071 | 155 165 | 160 251 | 161 323 | 148 650 | 157 731 |
Uruguay | UYU | 13 047 | 299 995 | 596 911 | 877 848 | 1 726 406 | 1 841 999 | 1 982 247 | 2 158 728 | 2 250 265 | 2 583 554 |
Venezuela | VES | 0 | 1 | 5 | 10 | 281 | 2 009 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Source: OECD National Accounts data for Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico, the World Economic Outlook (IMF) for Barbados, Saint Lucia, Trinidad & Tobago and Uruguay, and official National Accounts data for Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela. For Argentina, Bahamas, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua and Panama, official national sources were used where available, together with data from the IMF. For Cuba, figures since 1996 have come from Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI), while data before 1996 come from ECLAC/CEPAL. For Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Saint Lucia and Trinidad and Tobago, GDP figures are reported on a fiscal year basis. For Jamaica, GDP for 1990-2003 are reported on a fiscal year basis, while for other years, they are reported on a calendar year basis. | |||||||||||
Table 4.16. Gross domestic product for tax reporting years at market prices, in millions of USD | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2007 | 2010 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | 459 | 826 | 1 313 | 1 149 | 1 437 | 1 468 | 1 606 | 1 688 | 1 370 | 1 471 |
Argentina | 158 024 | 317 759 | 287 921 | 424 729 | 556 774 | 643 861 | 524 431 | 446 762 | 385 019 | 486 702 |
Bahamas | 5 218 | 7 880 | 10 393 | 10 039 | 11 854 | 12 243 | 12 541 | 13 194 | 11 317 | 9 842 |
Barbados | 2 030 | 3 058 | 4 702 | 4 562 | 4 867 | 5 006 | 5 140 | 5 143 | 4 519 | 5 087 |
Belize | 549 | 1 116 | 1 696 | 1 739 | 2 258 | 2 286 | 2 315 | 2 417 | 2 080 | 2 492 |
Bolivia | 4 868 | 8 385 | 13 216 | 19 786 | 34 189 | 37 782 | 40 581 | 41 193 | 36 897 | 40 703 |
Brazil | 478 052 | 655 453 | 1 397 114 | 2 208 704 | 1 796 622 | 2 063 519 | 1 916 934 | 1 873 286 | 1 448 550 | 1 608 080 |
Chile | 34 748 | 78 265 | 172 644 | 217 219 | 249 452 | 276 432 | 295 118 | 278 422 | 253 050 | 316 698 |
Colombia | 45 258 | 93 461 | 206 237 | 286 379 | 282 847 | 311 888 | 334 063 | 323 087 | 270 245 | 314 261 |
Costa Rica | 5 736 | 15 054 | 26 852 | 37 943 | 58 931 | 60 487 | 62 397 | 64 448 | 62 182 | 64 224 |
Cuba | 21 541 | 30 565 | 58 604 | 64 328 | 91 370 | 96 851 | 100 050 | 103 428 | 107 352 | 187 898 |
Dominican Republic | 7 995 | 24 306 | 44 067 | 53 921 | 75 777 | 80 082 | 85 630 | 89 032 | 78 923 | 94 458 |
Ecuador | 15 232 | 18 319 | 51 008 | 69 555 | 99 938 | 104 296 | 107 562 | 108 108 | 99 291 | 106 166 |
El Salvador | 4 818 | 11 785 | 17 012 | 18 448 | 24 191 | 24 979 | 26 021 | 26 881 | 24 563 | 28 737 |
Guatemala | 7 493 | 18 124 | 34 108 | 41 327 | 66 034 | 71 624 | 73 331 | 77 154 | 77 625 | 85 974 |
Guyana | 685 | 1 497 | 2 732 | 3 432 | 4 483 | 4 748 | 4 788 | 5 174 | 5 471 | 8 044 |
Honduras | 4 169 | 7 187 | 12 361 | 15 839 | 21 718 | 23 136 | 24 068 | 25 091 | 23 827 | 28 490 |
Jamaica | 5 058 | 8 997 | 12 881 | 13 193 | 14 108 | 14 755 | 15 648 | 15 808 | 13 884 | 14 764 |
Mexico | 296 972 | 708 096 | 1 052 654 | 1 058 146 | 1 080 616 | 1 162 291 | 1 226 624 | 1 272 499 | 1 091 422 | 1 296 175 |
Nicaragua | 519 | 5 109 | 7 423 | 8 759 | 13 286 | 13 786 | 13 025 | 12 611 | 12 586 | 14 001 |
Panama | 5 723 | 12 502 | 21 296 | 29 440 | 57 908 | 62 203 | 64 929 | 66 984 | 53 977 | 63 605 |
Paraguay | 5 812 | 8 856 | 17 856 | 27 129 | 36 090 | 38 997 | 40 225 | 37 925 | 35 432 | 39 326 |
Peru | 28 326 | 50 414 | 102 187 | 148 945 | 195 463 | 215 681 | 226 795 | 232 345 | 205 820 | 225 938 |
Saint Lucia | 576 | 904 | 1 355 | 1 504 | 1 898 | 2 012 | 2 066 | 2 094 | 1 560 | 1 761 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 4 966 | 7 986 | 21 199 | 21 841 | 23 214 | 22 989 | 23 719 | 23 878 | 22 019 | 23 344 |
Uruguay | 11 156 | 24 804 | 25 486 | 43 816 | 57 246 | 64 385 | 64 296 | 61 017 | 53 698 | 59 294 |
Venezuela | 48 391 | 94 665 | 229 896 | 323 200 | 279 160 | 143 834 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Source: The figures are derived by dividing the GDP data in Table 4.15 by the exchange rate in Table 4.17. | ||||||||||
Table 4.17. Exchange rates used, national currency per US dollar at market exchange rates | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2000 | 2007 | 2010 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
Antigua and Barbuda | XCD | 2.704 | 2.701 | 2.699 | 2.699 | 2.699 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.699 | 2.701 | 2.700 |
Argentina | ARS | 0.488 | 1.000 | 3.115 | 3.912 | 14.778 | 16.557 | 28.116 | 48.255 | 70.635 | 95.093 |
Bahamas | BSD | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Barbados | BBD | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 |
Belize | BZD | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 | 2.000 |
Bolivia | BOB | 3.172 | 6.193 | 7.794 | 6.968 | 6.860 | 6.860 | 6.860 | 6.860 | 6.860 | 6.860 |
Brazil | BRL | 0.000 | 1.829 | 1.947 | 1.759 | 3.490 | 3.191 | 3.654 | 3.944 | 5.155 | 5.397 |
Chile | CLP | 304.903 | 539.388 | 522.228 | 509.982 | 676.541 | 648.677 | 641.896 | 703.308 | 791.715 | 759.820 |
Colombia | COP | 502.259 | 2 087.587 | 2 077.738 | 1 899.793 | 3 053.883 | 2 951.288 | 2 956.897 | 3 281.065 | 3 695.612 | 3 744.319 |
Costa Rica | CRC | 91.579 | 307.357 | 517.241 | 521.889 | 543.960 | 567.781 | 577.188 | 587.023 | 584.680 | 621.350 |
Cuba | CUP | 0.912 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 2.902 |
Dominican Republic | DOP | 9.674 | 16.181 | 33.095 | 36.780 | 46.020 | 47.485 | 49.467 | 51.243 | 56.468 | 57.091 |
Ecuador | USD | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
El Salvador | USD | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Guatemala | GTQ | 4.486 | 7.763 | 7.675 | 8.060 | 7.602 | 7.351 | 7.519 | 7.698 | 7.722 | 7.735 |
Guyana | GYD | 50.399 | 182.401 | 202.239 | 203.670 | 206.486 | 206.508 | 207.701 | 208.490 | 208.510 | 208.508 |
Honduras | HNL | 4.112 | 14.840 | 18.895 | 18.896 | 22.835 | 23.487 | 23.902 | 24.508 | 24.583 | 24.016 |
Jamaica | JMD | 7.541 | 43.907 | 68.755 | 87.378 | 124.821 | 128.433 | 129.553 | 133.504 | 141.664 | 149.698 |
Mexico | MXN | 2.841 | 9.453 | 10.929 | 12.632 | 18.627 | 18.871 | 19.178 | 19.217 | 21.401 | 20.223 |
Nicaragua | NIO | 1.000 | 12.686 | 18.449 | 21.356 | 28.621 | 30.051 | 31.554 | 33.084 | 34.345 | 35.201 |
Panama | PAB | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Paraguay | PYG | 1 229.845 | 3 486.234 | 5 032.821 | 4 758.483 | 5 670.470 | 5 618.952 | 5 732.168 | 6 240.713 | 6 771.131 | 6 803.272 |
Peru | PEN | 0.188 | 3.488 | 3.129 | 2.825 | 3.376 | 3.261 | 3.287 | 3.337 | 3.496 | 3.880 |
Saint Lucia | XCD | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 | 2.700 |
Trinidad and Tobago | TTD | 4.250 | 6.273 | 6.296 | 6.344 | 6.551 | 6.749 | 6.756 | 6.756 | 6.751 | 6.757 |
Uruguay | UYU | 1.170 | 12.095 | 23.421 | 20.035 | 30.158 | 28.609 | 30.830 | 35.379 | 41.906 | 43.572 |
Venezuela | VES | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.014 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Source: World Economic Outlook (IMF), October 2022. | |||||||||||
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